The temperature on March 18, 1863 was about 5.0 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 82%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
April 17 » American Civil War: Grierson's Raid begins: Troops under Union Army Colonel Benjamin Grierson attack central Mississippi.
May 12 » American Civil War: Battle of Raymond: Two divisions of James B. McPherson's XVII Corps turn the left wing of Confederate General John C. Pemberton's defensive line on Fourteen Mile Creek, opening up the interior of Mississippi to the Union Army during the Vicksburg Campaign.
May 14 » American Civil War: The Battle of Jackson takes place.
June 9 » American Civil War: Battle of Brandy Station, Virginia.
July 3 » American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
November 26 » United States President Abraham Lincoln proclaims November 26 as a national Thanksgiving Day, to be celebrated annually on the final Thursday of November. Following the Franksgiving controversy from 1939 to 1941, it has been observed on the fourth Thursday in 1942 and subsequent years.
Day of death December 23, 1947
The temperature on December 23, 1947 was between 7.7 °C and 9.2 °C and averaged 8.1 °C. The average windspeed was 5 Bft (very strong wind) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
February 10 » The Paris Peace Treaties are signed by Italy, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Finland and the Allies of World War II.
August 7 » The Bombay Municipal Corporation formally takes over the Bombay Electric Supply and Transport (BEST).
October 20 » The House Un-American Activities Committee begins its investigation into Communist infiltration of the Hollywood film industry, resulting in a blacklist that prevents some from working in the industry for years.
November 17 » American scientists John Bardeen and Walter Houser Brattain observe the basic principles of the transistor, a key element for the electronics revolution of the 20th century.
November 29 » First Indochina War: French forces carry out a massacre at Mỹ Trạch, Vietnam.
December 23 » The transistor is first demonstrated at Bell Laboratories.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I598736.php : accessed March 13, 2026), "gjertrud marie (gjertrud marie) eriksdtr. svenskvoll (1863-1947)".
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