The temperature on January 9, 1854 was about 1.2 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
February 17 » The United Kingdom recognizes the independence of the Orange Free State.
February 24 » A Penny Red with perforations was the first perforated postage stamp to be officially issued for distribution.
March 20 » The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin, US.
April 1 » Charles Dickens' novel Hard Times begins serialisation in his magazine Household Words.
May 30 » The Kansas–Nebraska Act becomes law establishing the US territories of Kansas and Nebraska.
August 4 » The Hinomaru is established as the official flag to be flown from Japanese ships.
Day of marriage June 2, 1877
The temperature on June 2, 1877 was about 14.8 °C. The air pressure was 19 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 67%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 1 » Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom is proclaimed Empress of India.
January 8 » Crazy Horse and his warriors fight their last battle against the United States Cavalry at Wolf Mountain, Montana Territory.
February 20 » Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
May 6 » Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Lakota surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
November 24 » Anna Sewell's animal welfare novel Black Beauty is published.
November 29 » Thomas Edison demonstrates his phonograph for the first time.
Day of death February 6, 1910
The temperature on February 6, 1910 was between 4.1 °C and 8.3 °C and averaged 7.0 °C. There was 7.6 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
January 15 » Construction ends on the Buffalo Bill Dam in Wyoming, United States, which was the highest dam in the world at the time, at 325ft (99m).
May 4 » The Royal Canadian Navy is created.
June 17 » Aurel Vlaicu pilots an A. Vlaicu nr. 1 on its first flight.
August 22 » Korea is annexed by Japan with the signing of the Japan–Korea Treaty of 1910, beginning a period of Japanese rule of Korea that lasted until the end of World War II.
September 26 » Indian journalist Swadeshabhimani Ramakrishna Pillai is arrested after publishing criticism of the government of Travancore and is exiled.
October 5 » In a revolution in Portugal the monarchy is overthrown and a republic is declared.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I580310.php : accessed February 4, 2026), "Wiskje Alkema (1854-1910)".
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