June 24 » The French Constitution of 1793 is formally adopted, although it is effectively suspended by the Committee of Public Safety.
July 23 » Kingdom of Prussia re-conquers Mainz from France.
August 8 » The insurrection of Lyon occurs during the French Revolution.
September 18 » The first cornerstone of the United States Capitol is laid by George Washington.
November 10 » A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Pierre Gaspard Chaumette.
December 23 » The Battle of Savenay: A decisive defeat of the royalist counter-revolutionaries in War in the Vendée during the French Revolution.
Day of death January 15, 1870
The temperature on January 15, 1870 was about 7.3 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 16 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 10 » John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
March 1 » Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
July 15 » Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson's Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories.
August 2 » Tower Subway, the world's first underground tube railway, opens in London, England, United Kingdom.
August 8 » The Republic of Ploiești, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.
Day of burial January 27, 1870
The temperature on January 27, 1870 was about 1.8 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 6 » The inauguration of the Musikverein in Vienna, Austria.
February 15 » Stevens Institute of Technology is founded in New Jersey, USA and offers the first Bachelor of Engineering degree in Mechanical Engineering.
February 25 » Hiram Rhodes Revels, a Republican from Mississippi, is sworn into the United States Senate, becoming the first African American ever to sit in Congress.
April 13 » The New York City Metropolitan Museum of Art is founded.
August 16 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
September 19 » Franco-Prussian War: The siege of Paris begins. The city will hold out for over four months before surrendering.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I579909.php : accessed March 7, 2026), "John Estensen (1793-1870)".
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