July 9 » The Act Against Slavery in Upper Canada bans the importation of slaves and will free those who are born into slavery after the passage of the Act at 25 years of age.
October 16 » French Revolution: Queen Marie Antoinette is executed.
November 3 » French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
November 10 » A Goddess of Reason is proclaimed by the French Convention at the suggestion of Pierre Gaspard Chaumette.
December 18 » Surrender of the frigate La Lutine by French Royalists to Lord Samuel Hood; renamed HMSLutine, she later becomes a famous treasure wreck.
Day of death January 15, 1870
The temperature on January 15, 1870 was about 7.3 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 16 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 3 » The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.
February 9 » US president Ulysses S. Grant signs a joint resolution of Congress establishing the U.S. Weather Bureau.
July 15 » Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory are transferred to Canada from the Hudson's Bay Company, and the province of Manitoba and the Northwest Territories are established from these vast territories.
August 16 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
October 7 » Franco-Prussian War: Léon Gambetta escapes the siege of Paris in a hot-air balloon.
December 12 » Joseph H. Rainey of South Carolina becomes the second black U.S. congressman.
Day of burial January 27, 1870
The temperature on January 27, 1870 was about 1.8 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 89%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 15 » A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the Democratic Party with a donkey ("A Live Jackass Kicking a Dead Lion" by Thomas Nast for Harper's Weekly).
March 30 » Texas is readmitted to the United States Congress following Reconstruction.
June 26 » The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
September 4 » Emperor Napoleon III of France is deposed and the Third Republic is declared.
September 18 » Old Faithful Geyser is observed and named by Henry D. Washburn.
October 7 » Franco-Prussian War: Léon Gambetta escapes the siege of Paris in a hot-air balloon.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I579909.php : accessed January 14, 2026), "John Estensen (1793-1870)".
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