The temperature on August 18, 1817 was about 16.0 °C. There was 110 mm of rainWind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 15 » Opening of the first private mental health hospital in the United States, the Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason (now Friends Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania).
June 5 » The first Great Lakes steamer, the Frontenac, is launched.
June 12 » The earliest form of bicycle, the dandy horse, is driven by Karl von Drais.
July 19 » Unsuccessful in his attempt to conquer the Kingdom of Hawaii for the Russian-American Company, Georg Anton Schäffer is forced to admit defeat and leave Kauai.
November 3 » The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal.
December 10 » Mississippi becomes the 20th U.S. state.
Day of death January 7, 1895
The temperature on January 7, 1895 was about 1.3 °C. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
April 3 » The trial in the libel case brought by Oscar Wilde begins, eventually resulting in his imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
April 8 » In Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. the Supreme Court of the United States declares unapportioned income tax to be unconstitutional.
May 7 » In Saint Petersburg, Russian scientist Alexander Stepanovich Popov demonstrates to the Russian Physical and Chemical Society his invention, the Popov lightning detector—a primitive radio receiver. In some parts of the former Soviet Union the anniversary of this day is celebrated as Radio Day.
June 11 » Paris–Bordeaux–Paris, sometimes called the first automobile race in history or the "first motor race", takes place.
August 31 » German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin patents his navigable balloon.
November 8 » While experimenting with electricity, Wilhelm Röntgen discovers the X-ray.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Stamboom", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I574016.php : accessed June 19, 2024), "Johannes Jans Boonstra (1817-1895)".
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