The temperature on October 19, 1854 was about 9.0 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
March 20 » The Republican Party of the United States is organized in Ripon, Wisconsin, US.
March 28 » Crimean War: France and Britain declare war on Russia.
March 31 » Commodore Matthew Perry signs the Convention of Kanagawa with the Tokugawa Shogunate, opening the ports of Shimoda and Hakodate to American trade.
April 1 » Charles Dickens' novel Hard Times begins serialisation in his magazine Household Words.
July 13 » In the Battle of Guaymas, Mexico, General José María Yáñez stops the French invasion led by Count Gaston de Raousset-Boulbon.
December 3 » Battle of the Eureka Stockade: More than 20 gold miners at Ballarat, Victoria, are killed by state troopers in an uprising over mining licences.
Day of death February 5, 1946
The temperature on February 5, 1946 was between 5.6 °C and 8.9 °C and averaged 7.0 °C. There was 2.6 mm of rain during 2.3 hours. There was 1.8 hours of sunshine (19%). The average windspeed was 6 Bft (strong wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
From June 24, 1945 till July 3, 1946 the Netherlands had a cabinet Schermerhorn - Drees with the prime ministers Prof. ir. W. Schermerhorn (VDB) and W. Drees (PvdA).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 3, 1946 to August 7, 1948 the cabinet Beel I, with Dr. L.J.M. Beel (KVP) as prime minister.
February 12 » African American United States Army veteran Isaac Woodard is severely beaten by a South Carolina police officer to the point where he loses his vision in both eyes. The incident later galvanizes the civil rights movement and partially inspires Orson Welles' film Touch of Evil.
February 24 » Colonel Juan Perón, founder of the political movement that became known as Peronism, is elected to his first term as President of Argentina.
April 5 » Soviet troops end their year-long occupation of the Danish island of Bornholm.
June 5 » A fire in the La Salle Hotel in Chicago, Illinois, kills 61 people.
June 7 » The United Kingdom's BBC returns to broadcasting its television service, which has been off air for seven years because of the Second World War.
August 16 » Mass riots in Kolkata begin; more than 4,000 people would be killed in 72 hours.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I573793.php : accessed January 27, 2026), "Leendert Kramer (1854-1946)".
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