January 25 » The London Corresponding Society is founded.
February 20 » The Postal Service Act, establishing the United States Post Office Department, is signed by United States President George Washington.
March 29 » King Gustav III of Sweden dies after being shot in the back at a midnight masquerade ball at Stockholm's Royal Opera 13 days earlier. He is succeeded by Gustav IV Adolf.
April 20 » France declares war against the "King of Hungary and Bohemia", the beginning of French Revolutionary Wars.
April 21 » Tiradentes, a revolutionary leading a movement for Brazil's independence, is hanged, drawn and quartered.
October 3 » A militia departs from the Spanish stronghold of Valdivia to quell a Huilliche uprising in southern Chile.
Christening day October 7, 1792
The temperature on October 7, 1792 was about 6.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-northeast. Weather type: zeer betrokken. Source: KNMI
March 16 » King Gustav III of Sweden is shot; he dies on March 29.
April 25 » Highwayman Nicolas J. Pelletier becomes the first person executed by guillotine.
May 11 » Robert Gray commands the first expedition to sail into the Columbia River.
September 22 » Primidi Vendémiaire of year one of the French Republican Calendar as the French First Republic comes into being.
October 3 » A militia departs from the Spanish stronghold of Valdivia to quell a Huilliche uprising in southern Chile.
October 13 » In Washington, D.C., the cornerstone of the United States Executive Mansion (known as the White House since 1818) is laid.
Day of marriage May 18, 1818
The temperature on May 18, 1818 was about 12.0 °C. Wind direction mainly north. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
This page is only available in Dutch.
De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 2 » The British Institution of Civil Engineers is founded by a group of six engineers; Thomas Telford would later become its first president.
February 5 » Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte ascends to the thrones of Sweden and Norway.
April 4 » The United States Congress, affirming the Second Continental Congress, adopts the flag of the United States with 13 red and white stripes and one star for each state (20 at that time).
April 19 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel signs his preliminary "Note on the Theory of Diffraction" (deposited on the following day). The document ends with what we now call the Fresnel integrals.
July 29 » French physicist Augustin Fresnel submits his prizewinning "Memoir on the Diffraction of Light", precisely accounting for the limited extent to which light spreads into shadows, and thereby demolishing the oldest objection to the wave theory of light.
December 24 » The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.
Day of death November 30, 1874
The temperature on November 30, 1874 was about 8.8 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The air pressure was 28 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 81%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
May 9 » The first horsebus makes its début in the city of Mumbai, traveling two routes.
July 8 » The Mounties begin their March West.
July 31 » Dr. Patrick Francis Healy became the first African-American inaugurated as president of a predominantly white university, Georgetown University.
October 9 » The Universal Postal Union is created by the Treaty of Bern.
November 7 » A cartoon by Thomas Nast in Harper's Weekly, is considered the first important use of an elephant as a symbol for the United States Republican Party.
December 29 » The military coup of Gen. Martinez Campos in Sagunto ends the failed First Spanish Republic and the monarchy is restored as Prince Alfonso is proclaimed King of Spain.
Day of burial December 13, 1874
The temperature on December 13, 1874 was about 1.3 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
February 28 » One of the longest cases ever heard in an English court ends when the defendant is convicted of perjury for attempting to assume the identity of the heir to the Tichborne baronetcy.
March 15 » France and Vietnam sign the Second Treaty of Saigon, further recognizing the full sovereignty of France over Cochinchina.
March 18 » Hawaii signs a treaty with the United States granting exclusive trade rights.
May 27 » The first group of Dorsland trekkers under the leadership of Gert Alberts leaves Pretoria.
July 1 » The Sholes and Glidden typewriter, the first commercially successful typewriter, goes on sale.
July 14 » The Chicago Fire of 1874 burns down 47 acres of the city, destroying 812 buildings, killing 20, and resulting in the fire insurance industry demanding municipal reforms from Chicago's city council.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I572952.php : accessed January 26, 2026), "Gertrud Andersdotter (1792-1874)".
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