The temperature on March 11, 1863 was about 2.3 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 29 » The Bear River Massacre: A detachment of California Volunteers led by Colonel Patrick Edward Connor engage the Shoshone at Bear River, Washington Territory, killing hundreds of men, women and children.
July 1 » Keti Koti (Emancipation Day) in Suriname, marking the abolition of slavery by the Netherlands.
September 8 » American Civil War: In the Second Battle of Sabine Pass, a small Confederate force thwarts a Union invasion of Texas.
October 29 » Eighteen countries meet in Geneva and agree to form the International Red Cross.
November 23 » American Civil War: Battle of Chattanooga begins: Union forces led by General Ulysses S. Grant reinforce troops at Chattanooga, Tennessee, and counter-attack Confederate troops.
November 24 » American Civil War: Battle of Lookout Mountain: Near Chattanooga, Tennessee, Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant capture Lookout Mountain and begin to break the Confederate siege of the city led by General Braxton Bragg.
Day of marriage October 19, 1895
The temperature on October 19, 1895 was about 8.2 °C. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
January 5 » Dreyfus affair: French army officer Alfred Dreyfus is stripped of his rank and sentenced to life imprisonment on Devil's Island.
January 12 » The National Trust is founded in the United Kingdom.
February 1 » Fountains Valley, Pretoria, the oldest nature reserve in Africa, is proclaimed by President Paul Kruger.
February 24 » Revolution breaks out in Baire, a town near Santiago de Cuba, beginning the Cuban War of Independence, that ends with the Spanish–American War in 1898.
October 4 » Horace Rawlins wins the first U.S. Open Men's Golf Championship.
October 21 » The Republic of Formosa collapses as Japanese forces invade.
Day of death January 25, 1953
The temperature on January 25, 1953 was between 0.1 °C and 3.8 °C and averaged 1.4 °C. There was 1.8 mm of rain during 3.0 hours. The almost completely overcast was. The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south-southeast. Source: KNMI
January 20 » Dwight D. Eisenhower is inaugurated as the 34th President of the United States of America.
February 3 » The Batepá massacre occurred in São Tomé when the colonial administration and Portuguese landowners unleashed a wave of violence against the native creoles known as forros.
March 5 » Joseph Stalin, the longest serving leader of the Soviet Union, dies at his Volynskoe dacha in Moscow after suffering a cerebral hemorrhage four days earlier.
April 25 » Francis Crick and James Watson publish "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid" describing the double helix structure of DNA.
July 17 » The largest number of United States midshipman casualties in a single event results from an aircraft crash in Florida, killing 44.
November 9 » Cambodia gains independence from France.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I564589.php : accessed March 7, 2026), "Aan (Fokkes) Alma (1863-1953)".
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