February 27 » Second Boer War: In South Africa, British military leaders receive an unconditional notice of surrender from Boer General Piet Cronjé at the Battle of Paardeberg.
April 15 » Philippine–American War: Filipino guerrillas launch a surprise attack on U.S. infantry and begin a four-day siege of Catubig, Philippines.
May 23 » American Civil War: Sergeant William Harvey Carney is awarded the Medal of Honor for his heroism in the Assault on the Battery Wagner in 1863.
June 18 » Empress Dowager Cixi of China orders all foreigners killed, including foreign diplomats and their families.
July 2 » Jean Sibelius' Finlandia receives its première performance in Helsinki with the Helsinki Philharmonic Society conducted by Robert Kajanus.
August 3 » The Firestone Tire and Rubber Company is founded.
Day of death October 8, 1961
The temperature on October 8, 1961 was between 8.9 °C and 16.2 °C and averaged 12.3 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain during 0.1 hours. There was 1.8 hours of sunshine (16%). The heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
February 16 » Explorer program: Explorer 9 (S-56a) is launched.
March 9 » Sputnik 9 successfully launches, carrying a dog and a human dummy, and demonstrating that the Soviet Union was ready to begin human spaceflight.
April 12 » Cold War: Space Race: The Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first human to travel into outer space and perform the first manned orbital flight, Vostok 1.
May 28 » Peter Benenson's article The Forgotten Prisoners is published in several internationally read newspapers. This will later be thought of as the founding of the human rights organization Amnesty International.
September 17 » The world's first retractable roof stadium, the Civic Arena, opens in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
October 17 » Directed by their chief Maurice Papon, Paris police massacre scores of Algerian protesters.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I556992.php : accessed March 3, 2026), "Fokke Wiepkes Brander (1900-1961)".
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