The temperature on September 20, 1878 was about 13.7 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 16 » Russo-Turkish War (1877–78): Battle of Philippopolis: Captain Aleksandr Burago with a squadron of Russian Imperial army dragoons liberates Plovdiv from Ottoman rule.
February 19 » Thomas Edison patents the phonograph.
May 25 » Gilbert and Sullivan's comic opera H.M.S. Pinafore opens at the Opera Comique in London.
July 13 » Treaty of Berlin: The European powers redraw the map of the Balkans. Serbia, Montenegro and Romania become completely independent of the Ottoman Empire.
September 1 » Emma Nutt becomes the world's first female telephone operator when she is recruited by Alexander Graham Bell to the Boston Telephone Dispatch Company.
October 15 » The Edison Electric Light Company begins operation.
Day of death February 4, 1943
The temperature on February 4, 1943 was between 0.6 °C and 6.5 °C and averaged 3.7 °C. There was 1.0 mm of rain during 1.0 hours. There was 0.8 hours of sunshine (9%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 24 » World War II: Franklin D. Roosevelt and Winston Churchill conclude a conference in Casablanca.
April 30 » World War II: The British submarine HMSSeraph surfaces near Huelva to cast adrift a dead man dressed as a courier and carrying false invasion plans.
July 22 » World War II: Axis occupation forces violently disperse a massive protest in Athens, killing 22.
September 8 » World War II: United States General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announces the armistice with Italy.
September 14 » World War II: The Wehrmacht starts a three-day retaliatory operation targeting several Greek villages in the region of Viannos, whose death toll would eventually exceed 500 persons.
November 15 » The Holocaust: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies are to be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps".
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I552890.php : accessed January 18, 2026), "Howard Oliver Halsten (1878-1943)".
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