The temperature on May 4, 1775 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly northeast by east. Weather type: helder. Special wheather fenomena: veel dauw. Source: KNMI
March 8 » An anonymous writer, thought by some to be Thomas Paine, publishes "African Slavery in America", the first article in the American colonies calling for the emancipation of slaves and the abolition of slavery.
April 18 » American Revolution: The British advancement by sea begins; Paul Revere and other riders warn the countryside of the troop movements.
September 17 » American Revolutionary War: The Invasion of Canada begins with the Siege of Fort St. Jean.
October 13 » The Continental Congress establishes the Continental Navy (predecessor of the United States Navy).
October 27 » King George III expands on his Proclamation of Rebellion in the Thirteen Colonies in his speech from the throne at the opening of Parliament.
November 10 » The United States Marine Corps is founded at Tun Tavern in Philadelphia by Samuel Nicholas.
Day of death January 1, 1866
The temperature on January 1, 1866 was about 6.3 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-northwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 79%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
April 4 » Alexander II of Russia narrowly escapes an assassination attempt by Dmitry Karakozov in the city of Saint Petersburg.
May 1 » The Memphis Race Riots begin. In three days time, 46 blacks and two whites were killed. Reports of the atrocities influenced passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
May 2 » Peruvian defenders fight off the Spanish fleet at the Battle of Callao.
June 2 » The Fenians defeat Canadian forces at Ridgeway and Fort Erie, but the raids end soon after.
July 20 » Austro-Prussian War: Battle of Lissa: The Austrian Navy, led by Admiral Wilhelm von Tegetthoff, defeats the Italian Navy near the island of Vis in the Adriatic Sea.
July 25 » The United States Congress passes legislation authorizing the rank of General of the Army. Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant becomes the first to be promoted to this rank.
Day of burial January 28, 1866
The temperature on January 28, 1866 was about 5.1 °C. The air pressure was 2.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 87%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from February 10, 1866 to June 1, 1866 the cabinet Fransen van de Putte, with I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal) as prime minister.
From June 1, 1866 till June 4, 1868 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Heemskerk with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.J.A. graaf Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (AR) and Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief).
May 5 » Memorial Day first celebrated in United States at Waterloo, New York.
May 16 » The United States Congress establishes the nickel.
June 7 » One thousand eight hundred Fenian raiders are repelled back to the United States after looting and plundering the Saint-Armand and Frelighsburg areas of Canada East.
July 27 » The first permanent transatlantic telegraph cable is successfully completed, stretching from Valentia Island, Ireland, to Heart's Content, Newfoundland.
July 30 » Armed Confederate veterans in New Orleans riot against a meeting of Radical Republicans, killing 48 people and injuring another 100.
August 17 » The Grand Duchy of Baden announces her withdrawal from the German Confederation and signs a treaty of peace and alliance with Prussia.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I541303.php : accessed January 7, 2026), "Gunilla "Gunild" Bengtsdotter (1775-1866)".
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