The temperature on October 19, 1861 was about 14.0 °C. The air pressure was 4.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 9 » Mississippi becomes the second state to secede from the Union before the outbreak of the American Civil War.
February 18 » With Italian unification almost complete, Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia assumes the title of King of Italy.
June 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.
August 19 » First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.
September 6 » American Civil War: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant bloodlessly capture Paducah, Kentucky, giving the Union control of the Tennessee River's mouth.
September 17 » Argentine Civil Wars: The State of Buenos Aires defeats the Argentine Confederation at the Battle of Pavón.
Day of death July 4, 1911
The temperature on July 4, 1911 was between 3.0 °C and 20.0 °C and averaged 13.3 °C. There was 14.5 hours of sunshine (87%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
April 8 » Dutch physicist Heike Kamerlingh Onnes discovers superconductivity.
May 21 » President of Mexico Porfirio Díaz and the revolutionary Francisco Madero sign the Treaty of Ciudad Juárez to put an end to the fighting between the forces of both men, concluding the initial phase of the Mexican Revolution.
June 16 » IBM founded as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company in Endicott, New York.
June 28 » The Nakhla meteorite, the first one to suggest signs of aqueous processes on Mars, falls to Earth, landing in Egypt.
August 24 » Manuel de Arriaga is elected and sworn-in as the first President of Portugal.
December 29 » Sun Yat-sen becomes the provisional President of the Republic of China; he formally takes office on January 1, 1912.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I534758.php : accessed January 21, 2026), "Pieter de Jong (1861-1911)".
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