The temperature on October 19, 1861 was about 14.0 °C. The air pressure was 4.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south east. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 3 » American Civil War: Delaware votes not to secede from the United States.
January 11 » American Civil War: Alabama secedes from the United States.
March 30 » Discovery of the chemical elements: Sir William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium.
June 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Fairfax Court House is fought.
July 21 » American Civil War: First Battle of Bull Run: At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the war begins and ends in a victory for the Confederate army.
August 5 » The United States Army abolishes flogging.
Day of death July 4, 1911
The temperature on July 4, 1911 was between 3.0 °C and 20.0 °C and averaged 13.3 °C. There was 14.5 hours of sunshine (87%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
March 29 » The M1911 .45 ACP pistol becomes the official U.S. Army side arm.
July 4 » A massive heat wave strikes the northeastern United States, killing 380 people in eleven days and breaking temperature records in several cities.
August 1 » Harriet Quimby takes her pilot's test and becomes the first U.S. woman to earn an Aero Club of America aviator's certificate.
August 29 » Ishi, considered the last Native American to make contact with European Americans, emerges from the wilderness of northeastern California.
November 3 » Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
December 14 » Roald Amundsen's team, comprising himself, Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, becomes the first to reach the South Pole.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I534758.php : accessed January 21, 2026), "Pieter de Jong (1861-1911)".
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