The temperature on November 12, 1856 was about 5.0 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 22 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
January 26 » First Battle of Seattle. Marines from the USSDecatur drive off American Indian attackers after all day battle with settlers.
April 21 » Australian labour movement: Stonemasons and building workers on building sites around Melbourne march from the University of Melbourne to Parliament House to achieve an eight-hour day.
May 1 » The Province of Isabela was created in the Philippines in honor of Queen Isabela II.
May 22 » Congressman Preston Brooks of South Carolina severely beats Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with a cane in the hall of the United States Senate for a speech Sumner had made regarding Southerners and slavery.
September 2 » The Tianjing incident takes place in Nanjing, China.
October 8 » The Second Opium War between several western powers and China begins with the Arrow Incident.
Day of death January 4, 1912
The temperature on January 4, 1912 was between 7.3 °C and 9.0 °C and averaged 8.3 °C. There was 8.4 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
January 6 » German geophysicist Alfred Wegener first presents his theory of continental drift.
January 8 » The African National Congress is founded, under the name South African Native National Congress (SANNC).
April 14 » The British passenger liner RMSTitanic hits an iceberg in the North Atlantic at 23:40 (sinks morning of April 15th).
May 5 » Pravda, the "voice" of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, begins publication in Saint Petersburg.
October 3 » U.S. forces defeat Nicaraguan rebels at the Battle of Coyotepe Hill.
December 3 » Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, and Serbia (the Balkan League) sign an armistice with the Ottoman Empire, temporarily halting the First Balkan War. (The armistice will expire on February 3, 1913, and hostilities will resume.)
Day of burial January 6, 1912
The temperature on January 6, 1912 was between 0.2 °C and 5.5 °C and averaged 3.2 °C. There was 9.7 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
January 6 » New Mexico is admitted to the Union as the 47th U.S. state.
March 5 » Italo-Turkish War: Italian forces are the first to use airships for military purposes, employing them for reconnaissance behind Turkish lines.
April 18 » The Cunard liner RMSCarpathia brings 705 survivors from the RMSTitanic to New York City.
May 18 » The first Indian film, Shree Pundalik by Dadasaheb Torne, is released in Mumbai.
October 17 » Bulgaria, Greece and Serbia declare war on the Ottoman Empire, joining Montenegro in the First Balkan War.
November 12 » The frozen bodies of Robert Scott and his men are found on the Ross Ice Shelf in Antarctica.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I534224.php : accessed February 2, 2026), "Hendrik Woudstra (1856-1912)".
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