The temperature on December 24, 1877 was about 2.0 °C. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 87%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 20 » Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake receives its premiere at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow.
May 5 » American Indian Wars: Sitting Bull leads his band of Lakota into Canada to avoid harassment by the United States Army under Colonel Nelson Miles.
June 15 » Henry Ossian Flipper becomes the first African American cadet to graduate from the United States Military Academy.
August 9 » Indian Wars: Battle of the Big Hole: A small band of Nez Percé Indians clash with the United States Army.
September 5 » American Indian Wars: Oglala Sioux chief Crazy Horse is bayoneted by a United States soldier after resisting confinement in a guardhouse at Fort Robinson in Nebraska.
December 10 » Russo-Turkish War: The Russian Army captures Plevna after a 5-month siege. The garrison of 25,000 surviving Turks surrenders. The Russian victory is decisive for the outcome of the war and the Liberation of Bulgaria.
Day of death July 13, 1953
The temperature on July 13, 1953 was between 14.0 °C and 18.1 °C and averaged 15.1 °C. There was 7.7 mm of rain during 8.3 hours. There was 1.1 hours of sunshine (7%). The heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
March 1 » Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin suffers a stroke and collapses; he dies four days later.
June 8 » The United States Supreme Court rules in District of Columbia v. John R. Thompson Co. that restaurants in Washington, D.C., cannot refuse to serve black patrons.
August 17 » Addiction: First meeting of Narcotics Anonymous takes place, in Southern California.
August 19 » Cold War: The CIA and MI6 help to overthrow the government of Mohammad Mosaddegh in Iran and reinstate the Shah Mohammad Reza Pahlavi.
September 7 » Nikita Khrushchev is elected first secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
September 21 » Lieutenant No Kum-sok, a North Korean pilot, defects to South Korea with his jet fighter.
Day of burial July 17, 1953
The temperature on July 17, 1953 was between 14.4 °C and 22.7 °C and averaged 17.8 °C. There was 4.0 mm of rain during 3.3 hours. There was 4.5 hours of sunshine (28%). The heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
March 3 » A De Havilland Comet (Canadian Pacific Air Lines) crashes in Karachi, Pakistan, killing 11.
April 25 » Francis Crick and James Watson publish "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid" describing the double helix structure of DNA.
July 27 » Cessation of hostilities is achieved in the Korean War when the United States, China, and North Korea sign an armistice agreement. Syngman Rhee, President of South Korea, refuses to sign but pledges to observe the armistice.
August 17 » Addiction: First meeting of Narcotics Anonymous takes place, in Southern California.
October 1 » Andhra State is formed, consisting of a Telugu-speaking area carved out of India's Madras State.
November 23 » Pilot Felix Moncla and Lieutenant Robert Wilson disappear while in pursuit of a mysterious craft over Lake Superior.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I520988.php : accessed February 3, 2026), "Harmke Kloppenburg (1877-1953)".
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