The temperature on February 15, 1829 was about 5.0 °C. Wind direction mainly west-southwest. Weather type: winderig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
March 22 » In the London Protocol, the three protecting powers (United Kingdom, France and Russia) establish the borders of Greece.
May 2 » After anchoring nearby, Captain Charles Fremantle of HMSChallenger, declares the Swan River Colony in Australia.
August 3 » The Treaty of Lewistown is signed by the Shawnee and Seneca peoples, exchanging land in Ohio for land west of the Mississippi River.
September 11 » Surrender of the expedition led by Isidro Barradas at Tampico, sent by the Spanish crown to retake Mexico. This was the consummation of Mexico's campaign for independence.
September 14 » The Ottoman Empire signs the Treaty of Adrianople with Russia, thus ending the Russo-Turkish War.
October 1 » South African College is founded in Cape Town, South Africa. It will later separate into the University of Cape Town and the South African College Schools.
Day of death December 25, 1911
The temperature on December 25, 1911 was between 3.4 °C and 7.9 °C and averaged 5.7 °C. There was 4.1 mm of rain. There was 0.5 hours of sunshine (6%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
May 15 » More than 300 Chinese immigrants are killed in the Torreón massacre when the forces of the Mexican Revolution led by Emilio Madero take the city of Torreón from the Federales.
May 19 » Parks Canada, the world's first national park service, is established as the Dominion Parks Branch under the Department of the Interior.
September 25 » An explosion of badly degraded propellant charges on board the French battleship Liberté detonates the forward ammunition magazines and destroys the ship.
September 29 » Italy declares war on the Ottoman Empire.
October 9 » An accidental bomb explosion triggers the Wuchang Uprising against the Chinese monarchy.
December 14 » Roald Amundsen's team, comprising himself, Olav Bjaaland, Helmer Hanssen, Sverre Hassel, and Oscar Wisting, becomes the first to reach the South Pole.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I519711.php : accessed March 5, 2026), "Helene Christine Hansdtr Holmboe (1829-1911)".
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