The temperature on August 13, 1861 was about 20.6 °C. The air pressure was 6.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 82%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 9 » American Civil War: "Star of the West" incident occurs near Charleston, South Carolina.
January 10 » American Civil War: Florida becomes the third state to secede from the Union.
March 30 » Discovery of the chemical elements: Sir William Crookes announces his discovery of thallium.
April 20 » American Civil War: Robert E. Lee resigns his commission in the United States Army in order to command the forces of the state of Virginia.
June 1 » American Civil War: The Battle of Fairfax Court House is fought.
September 17 » Argentine Civil Wars: The State of Buenos Aires defeats the Argentine Confederation at the Battle of Pavón.
Day of death January 12, 1940
The temperature on January 12, 1940 was between -11.9 °C and -3.1 °C and averaged -8.8 °C. There was 7.0 hours of sunshine (86%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
February 16 » World War II: Altmark incident: The German tanker Altmark is boarded by sailors from the British destroyer HMSCossack. 299 British prisoners are freed.
May 24 » Igor Sikorsky performs the first successful single-rotor helicopter flight.
June 18 » Appeal of 18 June by Charles de Gaulle.
June 18 » The "Finest Hour" speech is delivered by Winston Churchill.
June 24 » World War II: Operation Collar, the first British Commando raid on occupied France, by No11 Independent Company.
October 21 » The first edition of the Ernest Hemingway novel For Whom the Bell Tolls is published.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I517006.php : accessed January 29, 2026), "Jantje Elzenga (1861-1940)".
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