The temperature on December 4, 1835 was about 8.0 °C. Wind direction mainly south. Weather type: half bewolkt winderig bui. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
January 7 » HMSBeagle, with Charles Darwin on board, drops anchor off the Chonos Archipelago.
February 15 » Serbia's Sretenje Constitution briefly comes into effect.
May 5 » The first railway in continental Europe opens between Brussels and Mechelen.
August 25 » The first Great Moon Hoax article is published in The New York Sun, announcing the discovery of life and civilization on the Moon.
December 17 » The second Great Fire of New York destroys 50 acres (200,000 square meters) of New York City's Financial District.
December 29 » The Treaty of New Echota is signed, ceding all the lands of the Cherokee east of the Mississippi River to the United States.
Day of marriage May 16, 1863
The temperature on May 16, 1863 was about 13.6 °C. The air pressure was 7 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 77%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 10 » The Metropolitan Railway, the world's oldest underground railway, opens between Paddington and Farringdon, marking the beginning of the London Underground.
February 24 » Arizona is organized as a United States territory.
July 3 » American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
July 7 » The United States begins its first military draft; exemptions cost $300.
October 29 » American Civil War: Battle of Wauhatchie: Forces under Union General Ulysses S. Grant repel a Confederate attack led by General James Longstreet. Union forces thus open a supply line into Chattanooga, Tennessee.
November 24 » American Civil War: Battle of Lookout Mountain: Near Chattanooga, Tennessee, Union forces under General Ulysses S. Grant capture Lookout Mountain and begin to break the Confederate siege of the city led by General Braxton Bragg.
Day of death April 1, 1923
The temperature on April 1, 1923 was between -0.3 °C and 13.2 °C and averaged 7.3 °C. There was 8.2 hours of sunshine (63%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 19, 1922 to August 4, 1925 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck II, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
January 9 » Juan de la Cierva makes the first autogyro flight.
February 15 » Greece becomes the last European country to adopt the Gregorian calendar.
April 26 » The Duke of York weds Lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon at Westminster Abbey.
June 27 » Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH.4B biplane.
July 1 » The Parliament of Canada suspends all Chinese immigration.
October 22 » The royalist Leonardopoulos–Gargalidis coup d'état attempt fails in Greece, discrediting the monarchy and paving the way for the establishment of the Second Hellenic Republic.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I514414.php : accessed March 15, 2026), "Wieger Popkes Popma (1835-1923)".
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