The temperature on January 18, 1870 was about 0.9 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 66%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 10 » John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil.
February 3 » The Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, guaranteeing voting rights to male citizens regardless of race.
February 27 » The current flag of Japan is first adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships.
June 22 » The United States Department of Justice is created by the U.S. Congress.
July 15 » Reconstruction Era of the United States: Georgia becomes the last of the former Confederate states to be readmitted to the Union.
September 1 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Sedan is fought, resulting in a decisive Prussian victory.
Day of death December 31, 1943
The temperature on December 31, 1943 was between -0.6 °C and 3.3 °C and averaged 1.1 °C. There was 2.0 mm of rain during 6.2 hours. There was 3.4 hours of sunshine (44%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 29 » World War II: The first day of the Battle of Rennell Island, USSChicago(CA-29) is torpedoed and heavily damaged by Japanese bombers.
March 14 » The liquidation of the Kraków Ghetto is completed.
April 13 » The Jefferson Memorial is dedicated in Washington, D.C., on the 200th anniversary of President Thomas Jefferson's birth.
June 19 » The Philadelphia Eagles and Pittsburgh Steelers in the NFL merge for one season due to player shortages caused by World War II.
August 17 » World War II: The Royal Air Force begins Operation Hydra, the first air raid of the Operation Crossbow strategic bombing campaign against Germany's V-weapon program.
October 6 » World War II: Thirteen civilians are burnt alive by a paramilitary group in Crete.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I511431.php : accessed February 13, 2026), "Gerben Nijboer (1870-1943)".
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