The temperature on January 18, 1870 was about 0.9 °C. The air pressure was 3 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northeast. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 66%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 23 » In Montana, U.S. cavalrymen kill 173 Native Americans, mostly women and children, in what becomes known as the Marias Massacre.
February 28 » The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
June 26 » The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
September 20 » The Bersaglieri corps enter Rome through the Porta Pia, and complete the unification of Italy.
October 7 » Franco-Prussian War: Léon Gambetta escapes the siege of Paris in a hot-air balloon.
November 1 » In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.
Day of death December 31, 1943
The temperature on December 31, 1943 was between -0.6 °C and 3.3 °C and averaged 1.1 °C. There was 2.0 mm of rain during 6.2 hours. There was 3.4 hours of sunshine (44%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
March 21 » Wehrmacht officer Rudolf von Gersdorff plots to assassinate Adolf Hitler by using a suicide bomb, but the plan falls through; von Gersdorff is able to defuse the bomb in time and avoid suspicion.
April 8 » U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, in an attempt to check inflation, freezes wages and prices, prohibits workers from changing jobs unless the war effort would be aided thereby, and bars rate increases by common carriers and public utilities.
May 13 » World War II: Operations Vulcan and Strike force the surrender of the last Axis troops in Tunisia.
July 25 » World War II: Benito Mussolini is forced out of office by the Grand Council of Fascism and is replaced by Pietro Badoglio.
November 3 » World War II: Five hundred aircraft of the U.S. 8th Air Force devastate Wilhelmshaven harbor in Germany.
November 19 » Holocaust: Nazis liquidate Janowska concentration camp in Lemberg (Lviv), western Ukraine, murdering at least 6,000 Jews after a failed uprising and mass escape attempt.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I511431.php : accessed February 6, 2026), "Gerben Nijboer (1870-1943)".
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