The temperature on June 13, 1909 was between 9.5 °C and 15.3 °C and averaged 11.5 °C. There was 0.5 hours of sunshine (3%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northwest. Source: KNMI
January 23 » RMSRepublic, a passenger ship of the White Star Line, becomes the first ship to use the CQD distress signal after colliding with another ship, the SS Florida, off the Massachusetts coastline, an event that kills six people. The Republic sinks the next day.
January 28 » United States troops leave Cuba with the exception of Guantanamo Bay Naval Base after being there since the Spanish–American War.
April 11 » The city of Tel Aviv is founded.
July 16 » Persian Constitutional Revolution: Mohammad Ali Shah Qajar is forced out as Shah of Persia and is replaced by his son Ahmad Shah Qajar.
September 23 » The novel Le Fantôme de l'Opéra (The Phantom of the Opera), by Gaston Leroux, is published as a serialization in Le Gaulois.
December 10 » Selma Lagerlöf becomes the first female writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Day of death August 15, 1991
The temperature on August 15, 1991 was between 10.8 °C and 26.0 °C and averaged 19.2 °C. There was 10.6 hours of sunshine (72%). The partly clouded was. The average windspeed was 1 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from Tuesday, November 7, 1989 to Monday, August 22, 1994 the cabinet Lubbers III, with Drs. R.F.M. Lubbers (CDA) as prime minister.
January 17 » Gulf War: Operation Desert Storm begins early in the morning as aircraft strike positions across Iraq, it is also the first major combat sortie for the F-117. LCDR Scott Speicher's F/A-18C Hornet from VFA-81 is shot down by a Mig-25 and is the first American casualty of the War. Iraq fires eight Scud missiles into Israel in an unsuccessful bid to provoke Israeli retaliation.
June 15 » In the Philippines, Mount Pinatubo erupts in the second largest volcanic eruption of the 20th century, killing over 800 people.
October 11 » Prof. Anita Hill delivers her televised testimony concerning sexual harassment during the Clarence Thomas Supreme Court nomination.
October 18 » The Supreme Council of Azerbaijan adopts a declaration of independence from the Soviet Union.
November 26 » National Assembly of Azerbaijan abolishes the autonomous status of Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of Azerbaijan and renames several cities back to their original names.
December 25 » Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as President of the Soviet Union (the union itself is dissolved the next day). Ukraine's referendum is finalized and Ukraine officially leaves the Soviet Union.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I511149.php : accessed February 16, 2026), "Pareli Johansen Halfdansen (1909-1991)".
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