The temperature on October 31, 1838 was about 9.0 °C. There was 1,056 mm of rainWind direction mainly south-southwest. Weather type: half bewolkt dampig. Special wheather fenomena: . Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 28 » Robert Nelson, leader of the Patriotes, proclaims the independence of Lower Canada (today Quebec).
July 4 » The Iowa Territory is organized.
July 15 » Ralph Waldo Emerson delivers the Divinity School Address at Harvard Divinity School, discounting Biblical miracles and declaring Jesus a great man, but not God. The Protestant community reacts with outrage.
September 18 » The Anti-Corn Law League is established by Richard Cobden.
November 3 » The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
December 16 » Great Trek: Battle of Blood River: Voortrekkers led by Andries Pretorius and Sarel Cilliers defeat Zulu impis, led by Dambuza (Nzobo) and Ndlela kaSompisi in what is today KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.
Day of marriage March 20, 1886
The temperature on March 20, 1886 was about 8.6 °C. There was 0.5 mm of rain. The air pressure was 10 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
March 27 » Geronimo, Apache warrior, surrenders to the U.S. Army, ending the main phase of the Apache Wars.
May 8 » Pharmacist John Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.
May 29 » The pharmacist John Pemberton places his first advertisement for Coca-Cola, which appeared in The Atlanta Journal.
September 4 » American Indian Wars: After almost 30 years of fighting, Apache leader Geronimo, with his remaining warriors, surrenders to General Nelson Miles in Arizona.
October 28 » President Cleveland dedicates the Statue of Liberty.
November 14 » Friedrich Soennecken first developed the hole puncher, a type of office tool capable of punching small holes in paper.
Day of death November 16, 1914
The temperature on November 16, 1914 was between 1.5 °C and 6.0 °C and averaged 4.1 °C. There was 1.0 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
June 28 » Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria and his wife Sophie are assassinated in Sarajevo; this is the casus belli of World War I.
July 11 » Babe Ruth makes his debut in Major League Baseball.
August 5 » World War I: The German minelayer SSKönigin Luise lays a minefield about 40 miles (64km) off the Thames Estuary (Lowestoft). She is intercepted and sunk by the British light-cruiser HMSAmphion.
August 20 » World War I: Brussels is captured during the German invasion of Belgium.
September 14 » HMASAE1, the Royal Australian Navy's first submarine, was lost at sea with all hands near East New Britain, Papua New Guinea.
November 1 » World War I: The Australian Imperial Force (AIF) departed by ship in a single convoy from Albany, Western Australia bound for Egypt.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I509734.php : accessed March 9, 2026), "Wiebe Everts de Ruiter (1838-1914)".
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