The temperature on July 20, 1870 was about 24.1 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 61%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 28 » The Bulgarian Exarchate is established by decree of Sultan Abdülaziz of the Ottoman Empire.
June 26 » The Christian holiday of Christmas is declared a federal holiday in the United States.
July 18 » The First Vatican Council decrees the dogma of papal infallibility.
August 6 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Wörth results in a decisive Prussian victory.
August 16 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
September 19 » Franco-Prussian War: The siege of Paris begins. The city will hold out for over four months before surrendering.
Christening day October 9, 1870
The temperature on October 9, 1870 was about 13.3 °C. There was 0.3 mm of rain. The air pressure was 18 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 73 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 82%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
February 15 » Stevens Institute of Technology is founded in New Jersey, USA and offers the first Bachelor of Engineering degree in Mechanical Engineering.
March 1 » Marshal F. S. López dies during the Battle of Cerro Corá thus marking the end of the Paraguayan War.
March 16 » The first version of the overture fantasy Romeo and Juliet by Tchaikovsky receives its première performance.
August 8 » The Republic of Ploiești, a failed Radical-Liberal rising against Domnitor Carol of Romania.
October 7 » Franco-Prussian War: Léon Gambetta escapes the siege of Paris in a hot-air balloon.
November 1 » In the United States, the Weather Bureau (later renamed the National Weather Service) makes its first official meteorological forecast.
Day of marriage July 4, 1896
The temperature on July 4, 1896 was about 17.7 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 65%. Source: KNMI
June 2 » Guglielmo Marconi applies for a patent for his wireless telegraph.
August 27 » Anglo-Zanzibar War: The shortest war in world history (09:02 to 09:40), between the United Kingdom and Zanzibar.
August 30 » Philippine Revolution: After Spanish victory in the Battle of San Juan del Monte, eight provinces in the Philippines are declared under martial law by the Spanish Governor-General Ramón Blanco y Erenas.
December 17 » Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania's Schenley Park Casino, which was the first multi-purpose arena with the technology to create an artificial ice surface in North America, is destroyed in a fire.
Day of death June 17, 1940
The temperature on June 17, 1940 was between 13.5 °C and 23.7 °C and averaged 18.1 °C. There was 10.6 hours of sunshine (63%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 10, 1939 to September 3, 1940 the cabinet De Geer II, with Jonkheer mr. D.J. de Geer (CHU) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from September 3, 1940 to July 27, 1941 the cabinet Gerbrandy I, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 19 » You Nazty Spy!, the first Hollywood film of any kind to satirize Adolf Hitler and the Nazis premieres, starring The Three Stooges, with Moe Howard as the character "Moe Hailstone" satirizing Hitler.
March 3 » Five people are killed in an arson attack on the offices of the communist newspaper Flamman in Luleå, Sweden.
May 7 » World War II: The Norway Debate in the British House of Commons begins, and leads to the replacement of Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain with Winston Churchill three days later.
May 15 » USSSailfish is recommissioned. It was originally the USS Squalus.
June 17 » The three Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania fall under the occupation of the Soviet Union.
September 19 » World War II: Witold Pilecki is voluntarily captured and sent to Auschwitz to smuggle out information and start a resistance movement.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I508628.php : accessed March 8, 2026), "Peter Leonhard Pedersen (1870-1940)".
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