The temperature on October 23, 1870 was about 9.3 °C. There was 5 mm of rain. The air pressure was 17 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 95%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
January 6 » The inauguration of the Musikverein in Vienna, Austria.
February 27 » The current flag of Japan is first adopted as the national flag for Japanese merchant ships.
May 12 » The Manitoba Act is given the Royal Assent, paving the way for Manitoba to become a province of Canada on July 15.
August 6 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Spicheren is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
August 16 » Franco-Prussian War: The Battle of Mars-la-Tour is fought, resulting in a Prussian victory.
October 7 » Franco-Prussian War: Léon Gambetta escapes the siege of Paris in a hot-air balloon.
Day of marriage May 20, 1893
The temperature on May 20, 1893 was about 19.9 °C. There was 4 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 66%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 17 » Lorrin A. Thurston, along with the Citizens' Committee of Public Safety, led the Overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii and the government of Queen Liliʻuokalani.
April 1 » The rank of Chief Petty Officer in the United States Navy is established.
June 13 » Grover Cleveland notices a rough spot in his mouth and on July 1 undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; the operation was not revealed to the public until 1917, nine years after the president's death.
June 20 » Lizzie Borden is acquitted of the murders of her father and stepmother.
June 22 » The Royal Navy battleship HMSCamperdown accidentally rams the British Mediterranean Fleet flagship HMSVictoria which sinks taking 358 crew with her, including the fleet's commander, Vice-Admiral Sir George Tryon.
September 20 » Charles Duryea and his brother road-test the first American-made gasoline-powered automobile.
Day of death April 28, 1946
The temperature on April 28, 1946 was between 10.7 °C and 20.3 °C and averaged 14.5 °C. There was 1.8 mm of rain during 0.8 hours. There was 3.8 hours of sunshine (26%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-northeast. Source: KNMI
From June 24, 1945 till July 3, 1946 the Netherlands had a cabinet Schermerhorn - Drees with the prime ministers Prof. ir. W. Schermerhorn (VDB) and W. Drees (PvdA).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 3, 1946 to August 7, 1948 the cabinet Beel I, with Dr. L.J.M. Beel (KVP) as prime minister.
February 12 » African American United States Army veteran Isaac Woodard is severely beaten by a South Carolina police officer to the point where he loses his vision in both eyes. The incident later galvanizes the civil rights movement and partially inspires Orson Welles' film Touch of Evil.
February 12 » World War II: Operation Deadlight ends after scuttling 121 of 154 captured U-boats.
August 16 » The All Hyderabad Trade Union Congress is founded in Secunderabad.
September 6 » United States Secretary of State James F. Byrnes announces that the U.S. will follow a policy of economic reconstruction in postwar Germany.
October 13 » France adopts the constitution of the Fourth Republic.
December 12 » United Nations Security Council Resolution 13 relating to acceptance of Siam to United Nations is adopted.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Louis Kramer, "Kramer Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kramer_stamboom/I507410.php : accessed January 8, 2026), "Willem Heijstra (1870-1946)".
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