The temperature on April 18, 1834 was about 15.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east-northeast. Weather type: omtrent helder winderig. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 3 » Wake Forest University is established (as Wake Forest Institute) in North Carolina, United States.
March 6 » York, Upper Canada, is incorporated as Toronto.
May 16 » The Battle of Asseiceira is fought, the last and decisive engagement of the Liberal Wars in Portugal.
October 9 » Opening of the Dublin and Kingstown Railway, the first public railway on the island of Ireland.
October 16 » Much of the ancient structure of the Palace of Westminster in London burns to the ground.
December 3 » The Zollverein (German Customs Union) begins the first regular census in Germany.
Day of marriage May 12, 1864
The temperature on May 12, 1864 was about 21.7 °C. The air pressure was 12 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the east-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 37%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
March 15 » American Civil War: The Red River Campaign: U.S. Navy fleet arrives at Alexandria, Louisiana.
June 3 » American Civil War: Battle of Cold Harbor: Union forces attack Confederate troops in Hanover County, Virginia.
June 5 » American Civil War: Battle of Piedmont: Union forces under General David Hunter defeat a Confederate army at Piedmont, Virginia, taking nearly 1,000 prisoners.
June 12 » American Civil War, Overland Campaign: Battle of Cold Harbor: Ulysses S. Grant gives the Confederate forces under Robert E. Lee a victory when he pulls his Union troops from their position at Cold Harbor, Virginia and moves south.
September 1 » American Civil War: The Confederate Army General John Bell Hood orders the evacuation of Atlanta, ending a four-month siege by General William Tecumseh Sherman.
October 19 » American Civil War: The Battle of Cedar Creek ends the last Confederate threat to Washington, DC.
Day of death November 20, 1909
The temperature on November 20, 1909 was between -2.2 °C and 6.7 °C and averaged 2.6 °C. There was 1.1 mm of rain. There was 1.3 hours of sunshine (15%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
April 6 » Robert Peary and Matthew Henson become the first people to reach the North Pole; Peary's claim has been disputed because of failings in his navigational ability.
April 13 » The military of the Ottoman Empire reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
May 13 » The first Giro d'Italia starts from Milan. Italian cyclist Luigi Ganna will be the winner.
May 31 » The National Negro Committee, forerunner to the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), convenes for the first time.
December 4 » In Canadian football, the First Grey Cup game is played. The University of Toronto Varsity Blues defeat the Toronto Parkdale Canoe Club, 26–6.
December 14 » New South Wales Premier Charles Wade signs the Seat of Government Surrender Act 1909, formally completing the transfer of State land to the Commonwealth to create the Australian Capital Territory.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Erin Leigh Kolks, "Kolks Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kolks-family-tree/I48539901363.php : accessed May 5, 2025), "Edward Epple (1834-1909)".
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