The temperature on October 2, 1861 was about 16.3 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 26 » American Civil War: The state of Louisiana secedes from the Union.
April 12 » American Civil War: Battle of Fort Sumter. The war begins with Confederate forces firing on Fort Sumter, in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.
May 20 » American Civil War: The state of Kentucky proclaims its neutrality, which will last until September 3 when Confederate forces enter the state. Meanwhile, the State of North Carolina secedes from the Union.
June 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Big Bethel: Confederate troops under John B. Magruder defeat a much larger Union force led by General Ebenezer W. Pierce in Virginia.
July 25 » American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden–Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
August 19 » First ascent of Weisshorn, fifth highest summit in the Alps.
Day of marriage December 8, 1881
The temperature on December 8, 1881 was about 7.2 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 84%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
June 14 » The White Rajahs territories become the British protectorate of Sarawak.
June 28 » The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
July 1 » General Order 70, the culmination of the Cardwell and Childers reforms of the British Army, comes into effect.
August 27 » The Georgia hurricane makes landfall near Savannah, Georgia, resulting in an estimated 700 deaths.
September 19 » U.S. President James A. Garfield dies of wounds suffered in a July 2 shooting. Vice President Chester A. Arthur becomes President upon Garfield's death.
November 19 » A meteorite lands near the village of Grossliebenthal, southwest of Odessa, Ukraine.
Day of death September 10, 1938
The temperature on September 10, 1938 was between 10.9 °C and 19.8 °C and averaged 15.6 °C. There was 7.6 hours of sunshine (58%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
February 11 » BBC Television produces the world's first ever science fiction television programme, an adaptation of a section of the Karel Čapek play R.U.R., that coined the term "robot".
April 25 » U.S. Supreme Court delivers its opinion in Erie Railroad Co. v. Tompkins and overturns a century of federal common law.
June 11 » Second Sino-Japanese War: The Battle of Wuhan starts.
June 23 » The Civil Aeronautics Act is signed into law, forming the Civil Aeronautics Authority in the United States.
November 14 » The Lions Gate Bridge, connecting Vancouver to the North Shore region, opens to traffic.
December 16 » Adolf Hitler institutes the Cross of Honour of the German Mother.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Erin Leigh Kolks, "Kolks Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/kolks-family-tree/I332566548942.php : accessed May 4, 2025), "Martha Wilhelm (1861-1938)".
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