March 8 » Treaty of Roskilde: After a devastating defeat in the Northern Wars (1655–1661), Frederick III, the King of Denmark–Norway is forced to give up nearly half his territory to Sweden to save the rest.
June 3 » Pope Alexander VII appoints François de Laval vicar apostolic in New France.
June 25 » Spanish forces fail to retake Jamaica at the Battle of Rio Nuevo during the Anglo-Spanish War.
July 31 » Aurangzeb is proclaimed Mughal emperor of India.
September 3 » The death of Oliver Cromwell; Richard Cromwell becomes Lord Protector of England.
September 17 » The Battle of Vilanova is fought between Portugal and Spain during the Portuguese Restoration War.
March 13 » Nojpetén, capital of the last independent Maya kingdom, fell to Spanish conquistadors, the final step in the Spanish conquest of Guatemala.
May 7 » Stockholm's royal castle (dating back to medieval times) is destroyed by fire. It is replaced in the 18th century by the current Royal Palace.
September 5 » War of the Grand Alliance: A French warship commanded by Captain Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville defeated an English squadron at the Battle of Hudson's Bay.
September 11 » Battle of Zenta: a major engagement in the Great Turkish War (1683–1699) and one of the most decisive defeats in Ottoman history.
November 9 » Pope Innocent XII founds the city of Cervia.
December 2 » St Paul's Cathedral is consecrated in London.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ken E. Austin II, "Just One Tree in the Forest", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/just-one-tree-in-the-forest/I7166.php : accessed May 12, 2025), "Peter Gietzen (1658-1697)".
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