The temperature on July 4, 1861 was about 20.4 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 63%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
April 17 » The state of Virginia's secession convention votes to secede from the United States, later becoming the eighth state to join the Confederate States of America.
May 13 » Pakistan's (then a part of British India) first railway line opens, from Karachi to Kotri.
May 20 » American Civil War: The state of Kentucky proclaims its neutrality, which will last until September 3 when Confederate forces enter the state. Meanwhile, the State of North Carolina secedes from the Union.
August 5 » The United States Army abolishes flogging.
September 17 » Argentine Civil Wars: The State of Buenos Aires defeats the Argentine Confederation at the Battle of Pavón.
November 28 » American Civil War: The Confederate States of America accept a rival state government's pronouncement that declares Missouri to be the 12th state of the Confederacy.
Day of death October 20, 1873
The temperature on October 20, 1873 was about 9.3 °C. There was 5 mm of rain. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 92%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
March 1 » E. Remington and Sons in Ilion, New York begins production of the first practical typewriter.
April 13 » The Colfax massacre, in which more than 60 black men are murdered, takes place.
July 21 » At Adair, Iowa, Jesse James and the James–Younger Gang pull off the first successful train robbery in the American Old West.
August 4 » American Indian Wars: While protecting a railroad survey party in Montana, the United States 7th Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer clashes for the first time with the Cheyenne and Lakota people near the Tongue River; only one man on each side is killed.
August 23 » Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens.
September 18 » The bank Jay Cooke & Company declares bankruptcy, contributing to the Panic of 1873.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Gert Jonker, "Family tree Jonker", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/jonker_stamboom/I5326.php : accessed February 6, 2026), "Reintje Jonker (1861-1873)".
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