The temperature on November 18, 1856 was about 2.5 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From April 19, 1853 till July 1, 1856 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Donker Curtius with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. D. Donker Curtius (conservatief-liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
January 29 » Queen Victoria issues a Warrant under the Royal sign-manual that establishes the Victoria Cross to recognise acts of valour by British military personnel during the Crimean War.
February 22 » The United States Republican Party opens its first national convention in Pittsburgh.
June 9 » Five hundred Mormons leave Iowa City, Iowa for the Mormon Trail.
November 17 » American Old West: On the Sonoita River in present-day southern Arizona, the United States Army establishes Fort Buchanan in order to help control new land acquired in the Gadsden Purchase.
November 27 » The Coup of 1856 leads to Luxembourg's unilateral adoption of a new, reactionary constitution.
December 9 » The Iranian city of Bushehr surrenders to occupying British forces.
Day of marriage April 11, 1903
The temperature on April 11, 1903 was between 0.3 °C and 10.8 °C and averaged 7.6 °C. There was 2.9 hours of sunshine (21%). Source: KNMI
May 29 » In the May Coup, Alexander I, King of Serbia, and Queen Draga, are assassinated in Belgrade by the Black Hand (Crna Ruka) organization.
June 16 » Roald Amundsen leaves Oslo, Norway, to commence the first east–west navigation of the Northwest Passage.
August 29 » The Slava, the last of the five Borodino-class battleships, is launched.
October 6 » The High Court of Australia sits for the first time.
November 3 » With the encouragement of the United States, Panama separates from Colombia.
November 17 » The Russian Social Democratic Labour Party splits into two groups: The Bolsheviks (Russian for "majority") and Mensheviks (Russian for "minority").
Day of death March 17, 1937
The temperature on March 17, 1937 was between 5.4 °C and 11.5 °C and averaged 7.6 °C. There was 8.2 mm of rain during 3.5 hours. There was 0.4 hours of sunshine (3%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south. Source: KNMI
April 1 » Spanish Civil War: Jaén, Spain is bombed by German fascist forces, supporting Francoist Nationalists.
April 30 » The Commonwealth of the Philippines holds a plebiscite for Filipino women on whether they should be extended the right to suffrage; over 90% would vote in the affirmative.
May 21 » A Soviet station, North Pole-1, becomes the first scientific research settlement to operate on the drift ice of the Arctic Ocean.
June 11 » Great Purge: The Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin executes eight army leaders.
July 7 » The Marco Polo Bridge Incident provides the Imperial Japanese Army with a pretext for starting the Second Sino-Japanese War.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Gert Jonker, "Family tree Jonker", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/jonker_stamboom/I14637.php : accessed February 17, 2026), "Jan Dirks Boonstra (1856-1937)".
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