The temperature on March 23, 1861 was about 10.9 °C. The air pressure was 6.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 66%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
February 18 » With Italian unification almost complete, Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont, Savoy and Sardinia assumes the title of King of Italy.
April 29 » American Civil War: Maryland's House of Delegates votes not to secede from the Union.
June 3 » American Civil War: Battle of Philippi (also called the Philippi Races): Union forces rout Confederate troops in Barbour County, Virginia, now West Virginia.
September 17 » Argentine Civil Wars: The State of Buenos Aires defeats the Argentine Confederation at the Battle of Pavón.
October 21 » American Civil War: Union forces under Colonel Edward Baker are defeated by Confederate troops in the second major battle of the war.
October 25 » The Toronto Stock Exchange is created.
Day of marriage August 22, 1891
The temperature on August 22, 1891 was about 14.3 °C. The air pressure was 6 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 91%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 21, 1888 to August 21, 1891 the cabinet Mackay, with Mr. A. baron Mackay (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 29 » Liliuokalani is proclaimed the last monarch and only queen regnant of the Kingdom of Hawaii.
February 15 » Allmänna Idrottsklubben (AIK) (Swedish Sports Club) is founded.
May 5 » The Music Hall in New York City (later known as Carnegie Hall) has its grand opening and first public performance, with Tchaikovsky as the guest conductor.
May 20 » History of cinema: The first public display of Thomas Edison's prototype kinetoscope.
August 24 » Thomas Edison patents the motion picture camera.
October 1 » Stanford University opens its doors in California, United States.
Day of death April 4, 1943
The temperature on April 4, 1943 was between 2.8 °C and 14.2 °C and averaged 8.2 °C. There was 6.1 hours of sunshine (46%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 18 » Warsaw Ghetto Uprising: The first uprising of Jews in the Warsaw Ghetto.
April 18 » World War II: Operation Vengeance, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto is killed when his aircraft is shot down by U.S. fighters over Bougainville Island.
July 4 » World War II: The Battle of Kursk, the largest full-scale battle in history and the world's largest tank battle, begins in the village of Prokhorovka.
July 11 » World War II: Allied invasion of Sicily: German and Italian troops launch a counter-attack on Allied forces in Sicily.
September 14 » World War II: The Wehrmacht starts a three-day retaliatory operation targeting several Greek villages in the region of Viannos, whose death toll would eventually exceed 500 persons.
October 16 » Holocaust in Italy: Raid of the Ghetto of Rome.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Gert Jonker, "Family tree Jonker", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/jonker_stamboom/I12202.php : accessed February 16, 2026), "Dirkje Singel (1861-1943)".
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