The temperature on June 14, 1859 was about 15.4 °C. The air pressure was 13 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 55%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
From March 18, 1858 till February 23, 1860 the Netherlands had a cabinet Rochussen - Van Bosse with the prime ministers J.J. Rochussen (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal).
April 4 » Bryant's Minstrels debut "Dixie" in New York City in the finale of a blackface minstrel show.
June 6 » Australia: Queensland is established as a separate colony from New South Wales (Queensland Day).
June 24 » Battle of Solferino (Battle of the Three Sovereigns): Sardinia and France defeat Austria in Solferino, northern Italy.
June 30 » French acrobat Charles Blondin crosses Niagara Falls on a tightrope.
August 27 » Petroleum is discovered in Titusville, Pennsylvania leading to the world's first commercially successful oil well.
October 22 » Spain declares war on Morocco.
Day of marriage September 13, 1883
The temperature on September 13, 1883 was about 14.3 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 86%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
January 16 » The Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act, establishing the United States Civil Service, is enacted by Congress.
February 23 » Alabama becomes the first U.S. state to enact an anti-trust law.
March 20 » The Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property is signed.
August 27 » Eruption of Krakatoa: Four enormous explosions destroy the island of Krakatoa and cause years of climate change.
September 8 » The Northern Pacific Railway (reporting mark NP) was completed in a ceremony at Gold Creek, Montana. Former president Ulysses S. Grant drove in the final "golden spike" in an event attended by rail and political luminaries.
December 21 » The Royal Canadian Dragoons and The Royal Canadian Regiment, the first Permanent Force cavalry and infantry regiments of the Canadian Army, are formed.
Day of death April 15, 1942
The temperature on April 15, 1942 was between 1.1 °C and 13.7 °C and averaged 7.7 °C. There was 12.9 hours of sunshine (93%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the northeast. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 30 » World War II: Battle of Ambon. Japanese forces invade the island of Ambon in the Dutch East Indies. Some 300 captured Allied troops are massacred at Laha airfield. Three-fourths of remaining POWs will not have survived by the end of the war, including 250 men who will be shipped to Hainan Island in South China Sea and never returned.
February 14 » Battle of Pasir Panjang contributes to the fall of Singapore.
March 28 » World War II: A British combined force permanently disables the Louis Joubert Lock in Saint-Nazaire in order to keep the German battleship Tirpitz away from the mid-ocean convoy lanes.
April 5 » World War II: The Imperial Japanese Navy launches a carrier-based air attack on Colombo, Ceylon during the Indian Ocean raid. Port and civilian facilities are damaged and the Royal Navy cruisers HMSCornwall and HMSDorsetshire are sunk southwest of the island.
May 30 » World War II: One thousand British bombers launch a 90-minute attack on Cologne, Germany.
July 22 » Grossaktion Warsaw: The systematic deportation of Jews from the Warsaw ghetto begins.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Gert Jonker, "Family tree Jonker", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/jonker_stamboom/I11441.php : accessed March 6, 2026), "Berendina van Holten (1859-1942)".
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