The temperature on August 17, 1788 was about 17.0 °C. There was 4 mm of rainWind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken regen. Source: KNMI
January 18 » The first elements of the First Fleet carrying 736 convicts from Great Britain to Australia arrive at Botany Bay.
January 26 » The British First Fleet, led by Arthur Phillip, sails into Port Jackson (Sydney Harbour) to establish Sydney, the first permanent European settlement on Australia. Commemorated as Australia Day.
February 6 » Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution.
May 23 » South Carolina ratifies the United States Constitution as the eighth American state.
July 26 » New York ratifies the United States Constitution and becomes the 11th state of the United States.
December 22 » Nguyễn Huệ proclaims himself Emperor Quang Trung, in effect abolishing on his own the Lê dynasty.
Day of death October 23, 1865
The temperature on October 23, 1865 was about 9.1 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 93%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
January 15 » American Civil War: Fort Fisher in North Carolina falls to the Union, thus cutting off the last major seaport of the Confederacy.
February 17 » American Civil War: Columbia, South Carolina, is burned as Confederate forces flee from advancing Union forces.
April 2 » American Civil War: Defeat at the Third Battle of Petersburg forces the Army of Northern Virginia and the Confederate government to abandon Richmond, Virginia.
April 15 » President Abraham Lincoln dies after being shot the previous evening by actor John Wilkes Booth. Vice President Andrew Johnson becomes President upon Lincoln's death.
May 9 » American Civil War: President Andrew Johnson issues a proclamation ending belligerent rights of the rebels and enjoining foreign nations to intern or expel Confederate ships.
November 10 » Major Henry Wirz, the superintendent of a prison camp in Andersonville, Georgia, is hanged, becoming one of only three American Civil War soldiers executed for war crimes.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Chris Hughes, "Hughes tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/hughes-tree/P269.php : accessed February 7, 2026), "Joseph Pilling (1788-1865)".
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