The temperature on September 1, 1813 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken zwaar regen. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
May 20 » Napoleon Bonaparte leads his French troops into the Battle of Bautzen in Saxony, Germany, against the combined armies of Russia and Prussia. The battle ends the next day with a French victory.
August 23 » At the Battle of Großbeeren, the Prussians under Von Bülow repulse the French army.
August 30 » First Battle of Kulm: French forces are defeated by an Austrian-Prussian-Russian alliance.
October 5 » War of 1812: The Army of the Northwest defeats a British and Native Canadian force threatening Detroit.
November 11 » War of 1812: Battle of Crysler's Farm: British and Canadian forces defeat a larger American force, causing the Americans to abandon their Saint Lawrence campaign.
December 8 » Premiere of Beethoven's Seventh Symphony.
Day of death January 13, 1872
The temperature on January 13, 1872 was about 3.2 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 11 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south. The atmospheric humidity was 97%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
March 1 » Yellowstone National Park is established as the world's first national park.
March 11 » Construction of the Seven Sisters Colliery, South Wales, begins; located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
July 18 » The Ballot Act 1872 in the United Kingdom introduced the requirement that parliamentary and local government elections be held by secret ballot.
September 18 » King Oscar II accedes to the throne of Sweden–Norway.
November 30 » The first-ever international football match takes place at Hamilton Crescent, Glasgow, between Scotland and England.
December 4 » The crewless American brigantine Mary Celeste, drifting in the Atlantic, is discovered by the Canadian brig Dei Gratia. The ship has been abandoned for nine days but is only slightly damaged. Her master Benjamin Briggs and all nine others known to have been on board are never accounted for.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Kathryn W. Holicky, "Holicky Family Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/holicky-family-tree/P2095.php : accessed May 4, 2025), "Mary Epperson (1813-1872)".
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