Het geslacht Smeele(n) » Petronella Zwaard (1838-1919)

Day of marriage June 8, 1861

• The temperature on June 8, 1861 was about 13.9 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m² and came mainly from the north-northeast. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 68%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
• From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
• In the year 1861: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.6 million citizens.
  • March 3 » Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
  • April 17 » The state of Virginia's secession convention votes to secede from the United States, later becoming the eighth state to join the Confederate States of America.
  • May 6 » American Civil War: Arkansas secedes from the Union.
  • May 20 » American Civil War: The state of Kentucky proclaims its neutrality, which will last until September 3 when Confederate forces enter the state. Meanwhile, the State of North Carolina secedes from the Union.
  • July 25 » American Civil War: The United States Congress passes the Crittenden–Johnson Resolution, stating that the war is being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.
  • November 1 » American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln appoints George B. McClellan as the commander of the Union Army, replacing General Winfield Scott.

Day of death May 13, 1919

• The temperature on May 13, 1919 was between 13.2 °C and 21.8 °C and averaged 16.5 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. There was 3.2 hours of sunshine (21%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the north-northeast. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
• In the year 1919: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 6.7 million citizens.
  • May 15 » Greek occupation of Smyrna. During the occupation, the Greek army kills or wounds 350 Turks; those responsible are punished by Greek commander Aristides Stergiades.
  • May 15 » The Winnipeg general strike begins. By 11:00, almost the whole working population of Winnipeg had walked off the job.
  • June 21 » The Royal Canadian Mounted Police fire a volley into a crowd of unemployed war veterans, killing two, during the Winnipeg general strike.
  • September 4 » Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, who founded the Republic of Turkey, gathers a congress in Sivas to make decisions as to the future of Anatolia and Thrace.
  • October 16 » Adolf Hitler delivers his first public address at a meeting of the German Workers' Party.
  • October 28 » The U.S. Congress passes the Volstead Act over President Wilson's veto, paving the way for Prohibition to begin the following January.

Day of burial May 16, 1919

• The temperature on May 16, 1919 was between 7.8 °C and 22.1 °C and averaged 15.9 °C. There was 13.5 hours of sunshine (86%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the east-southeast. Source: KNMI
• Koningin Wilhelmina (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1890 till 1948 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
• In the year 1919: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 6.7 million citizens.
  • February 6 » The five-day Seattle General Strike begins, as more than 65,000 workers in the city of Seattle, Washington, walk off the job.
  • May 4 » May Fourth Movement: Student demonstrations take place in Tiananmen Square in Beijing, China, protesting the Treaty of Versailles, which transferred Chinese territory to Japan.
  • June 2 » Anarchists simultaneously set off bombs in eight separate U.S. cities.
  • June 7 » Sette Giugno: Nationalist riots break out in Valletta, the capital of Malta. British soldiers fire into the crowd, killing four people.
  • December 3 » After nearly 20 years of planning and construction, including two collapses causing 89 deaths, the Quebec Bridge opens to traffic.
  • December 26 » Babe Ruth of the Boston Red Sox is sold to the New York Yankees by owner Harry Frazee, allegedly establishing the Curse of the Bambino superstition.

Source: Wikipedia

• 1903 » Apolinario Mabini, Filipino lawyer and politician, 1st Prime Minister of the Philippines (b. 1864)
• 1916 » Sholem Aleichem, Ukrainian-American author and playwright (b. 1859)
• 1921 » Jean Aicard, French author, poet, and playwright (b. 1848)
• 1926 » Libert H. Boeynaems, Belgian-American bishop (b. 1857)
• 1929 » Arthur Scherbius, German electrical engineer, invented the Enigma machine (b. 1878)
• 1930 » Fridtjof Nansen, Norwegian scientist, explorer, and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1861)