Harrower Family Tree » James II Stuart (1633-1701)

Personal data James II Stuart 

• He was born on October 24, 1633 in St James’s Palace, London, England.Source 1
• Title: Duke of York from birthSource 1
• (Created) on April 20, 1642: Knight of the Garter.Source 1
• (Crowned) on April 23, 1685 in Westminster Abbey, London, England: Crowned by the traditional Anglican ritual.Source 1
• (Became) on February 6, 1685: King of Great Britain.Source 1
• (Created) on May 10, 1659: Earl of Ulster.Source 1
• (Created) on December 31, 1660: Duke of Normandy by Louis XIV of France.Source 1
• He died on September 16, 1701 in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, he was 67 years old.Source 1

  Oorzaak: Brain Haemorrhage

• A child of Charles I Stuart and Henrietta Maria

Household of James II Stuart

(1) He is married to Anne Hyde.

They got married on September 3, 1660 at Worcester House, The Strand, London, England, he was 26 years old.Source 1

Child(ren):

1. Charles Stuart  1660-1661
2. Charles Stuart  1666-1667
3. Edgar Stuart  1667-1671
4. Henrietta Stuart  1669-1669
5. Katherine Stuart  1671-1671
6. Anne Stuart  1665-1714 
7. Mary eldest Dau of James  1662-1694 

(2) He is married to Mary d’Este.

They got married on November 21, 1673 at Dover, Kent, England, he was 40 years old.Source 1

Child(ren):

1. Stillborn Child Stuart  1674-????
2. Katherine Laura Stuart  1675-1675
3. Stillborn Child Stuart  1675-????
4. Isabella Stuart  1676-1681
5. Charles Stuart  1677-1677
6. Elizabeth Stuart  ± 1678-± 1678
7. Stillborn Child Stuart  1681-????
8. Charlotte Maria Stuart  1682-1682
9. Stillborn Child Stuart  1683-????
10. Stillborn Child Stuart  1684-????
11. James III Francis Edward Stuart  1688-1766 

Notes about James II Stuart

JAMES II
He was born on 14 (O.S.) or 24 (N.S.) October, 1633, at St James’s Palace, London, and was designated Duke of York from birth. He was made a Knight of the Garter on 20 April, 1642. He was created Duke of York on 27 January, 1644, and Earl of Ulster on 10 May, 1659. He was created Duke of Normandy by Louis XIV of France on 31 December, 1660. He succeeded his brother Charles II as King of Great Britain on 6 February, 1685. Having converted to Roman Catholicism sometime previously, he was privately crowned by Catholic rites on 22 April, 1685, at Whitehall Palace, London; he was crowned by the traditional Anglican ritual on 23 April, 1685, at Westminster Abbey. James II married firstly, in secret in November or on 24 December, 1659, at Breda, Holland (although doubts exist as to whether this ceremony ever took place), and publicly on 3 September, 1660, at Worcester House, The Strand, London:
Anne
She was the daughter of Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon, by Frances, daughter of Sir Thomas Aylesbury, and she was born on 12 or 22 March, 1637, at Cranbourne Lodge, Windsor. She died on 31 March, 1671, at St James’s Palace, London, of cancer, and was buried in Westminster Abbey. Issue of marriage:
1 Charles
He was born on 22 October, 1660, at Worcester House, The Strand, London, and was designated Duke of Cambridge. He died on 5 May, 1661, at Whitehall Palace, London, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
2 Mary II (see here).
3 James
He was born on 11 or 12 July, 1663, at St James’s Palace, London. He was created Duke and Earl of Cambridge and Baron of Dauntsey, Wilts., on 23 August, 1664, and was made a Knight of the Garter on 3 December, 1666. He died on 20 June, 1667, at Richmond Palace, Surrey, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
4 Queen Anne (see here).
5 Charles
He was born on 4 July, 1666, at St James’s Palace, London, and was designated Duke of Kendal, Earl of Wigmore and Baron Holdenby; there is no evidence of any formal creation. He died on 22 May, 1667, at St James’s Palace, London, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
6 Edgar
He was born on 14 September, 1667, at St James’s Palace, London. He was created Duke and Earl of Cambridge and Baron of Dauntsey, Wilts., on 7 October, 1667. He died on 8 June, 1671, at Richmond Palace, Surrey, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
7 Henrietta
She was born on 13 January, 1669, at Whitehall Palace, London. She died on 15 November, 1669, at St James’s Palace, London, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
8 Katherine
She was born on 9 February, 1671, probably at Whitehall Palace, London (less probably at Richmond Palace, Surrey). She died on 5 December, 1671, at St James’s Palace, London, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
James II married secondly, by proxy on 20 (O.S.) or 30 (N.S.) September, 1673, at the Ducal Palace, Modena, Italy, and in person on 21 November, 1673, at Dover, Kent:
Mary Beatrice Eleanor Anne Margaret Isabella Baptised Maria, but called Mary from the time of her marriage, she was the daughter of Alfonso d’Este III, Duke of Modena, by Laura, daughter of Girolamo Martinozzi, and she was born on 25 September (O.S.) or 5 October (N.S.), 1658, at the Ducal Palace, Modena, Italy. She was crowned Queen Consort by Catholic rites on 22 April, 1685, at Whitehall Palace, London, and by Anglican rites on 23 April, 1685, at Westminster Abbey. She died on 7/8 May, 1718, at the Château of St Germain-en-Laye, Paris, of cancer, and was buried in the Abbey of the Visitation of St Mary, Chaillot, France (although her body was later destroyed during the French Revolution).
Issue of marriage:
1 Stillborn child
It was born in March or May, 1674.
2 Katherine Laura
She was born on 10 January, 1675, at St James’s Palace, London. She died on 3 October, 1675, at St James’s Palace, London, of convulsions, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
3 Stillborn child
It was born in October, 1675.
4 Isabella
She was born on 18 (O.S.) or 28 (N.S.) August, 1676, at St James’s Palace, London. She died on 2 or 4 March, 1681, at St James’s Palace, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
5 Charles
He was born on 7 November, 1677, at St James’s Palace, London, and was designated Duke of Cambridge. He died on 12 December, 1677, at St James’s Palace, of smallpox, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
6 Elizabeth
She was born and died in c.1678.
7 Stillborn child
It was born in February, 1681.
8 Charlotte Maria
She was born on 16 August, 1682, either at St James’s Palace, London, or at Windsor Castle. She died on 6 October, 1682, at St James’s Palace, of convulsions, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
9 Stillborn child
It was born in October, 1683.
10 Stillborn child
It was born in May, 1684.
11 James Francis Edward
Called ‘James III’, according to Roman Catholic doctrine, he was also known as the ‘Chevalier de St George’ or ‘The Old Pretender’. He was born on 10 June, 1688, at St James’s Palace, London. There were widespread rumours at the time that he was a changeling, smuggled into the Queen’s bed in a warming pan, but this was mere political invention. What is certain is that the birth of a Catholic heir ensured that James II’s days as King were numbered. James was Duke of Cornwall and Rothesay from birth, and was styled Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester from birth. His father abdicated when he was a baby, and he spent his life in exile in France or Italy. He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1692. He succeeded his father as Stuart pretender to the throne of Great Britain (from which he was barred by the Act of Settlement) on 16 September, 1701, and
was proclaimed in France as ‘James III of England and VIII of Scotland’. He was attainted by Act of Parliament on 2 March, 1702, and forfeited all his British titles. He died on 1 January, 1766, in Rome, where he was buried in St Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican.
James married, by proxy on 9 (O.S.) or 19 (N.S.) May, 1719, at Bologna, Italy, and in person on 1 or 3 September, 1719, at Montefiascone Cathedral, Italy:
Maria Casimire Clementina
She was the daughter of Prince James Louis Henry Sobieski of Poland, by Hedwig Elizabeth Amelia, daughter of Philip William, Elector of Pfalz-Neuburg, and she was born on 6 (O.S.) or 17/18 (N.S.) July, 1702. She was called ‘Queen of Great Britain’ by adherents of the Stuarts. She died on 12 or 18 January, 1735, at the Apostolic Palace, Rome, and was buried in St Peter’s
Basilica in the Vatican.
Issue of marriage:
(i) Charles Edward Louis John Philip Casimir Sylvester Maria
Called ‘Charles III’ by his adherents, he was also known as the ‘Chevalier de St George’, ‘The Young Pretender’ and ‘Bonnie Prince Charlie’. He was born on 31 December, 1720, at the
Palazzo Muti, Rome, and was styled ‘Prince of Wales’ from birth. He sometimes styled himself ‘Count of Albany’. On the death of his father on 1 January, 1766, he succeeded him as Stuart
pretender to the throne of Great Britain, styling himself ‘Charles III’. He died on 30/31 January, 1788, at the Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, and was buried in Frascati Cathedral, Italy. His
remains were later removed to St Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican.
Charles had the following illegitimate issue:
By Clementina Maria Sophia Walkinshaw, Countess of Alberstroff (d.1802):
1 Charlotte, Countess of Albany in her own right (1753-1789).
She had illegitimate issue.
Charles married, by proxy on 28 March, 1772, in Paris, and in person on 17 April, 1772, at the Chapel of the Palazzo Compagnani, Marefoschi, Macerata, Ancona, Italy:
Louise Maximiliana Caroline Emanuèle
She was the daughter of Gustavus Adolphus, Prince of Stolberg-Gedern, by Elizabeth Philippine Claudine, daughter of Maximilian Emanuel, Prince of Homes and of the Empire. She was born on 20 or 21 September, 1752, at Mons, Hainault, Flanders. After her marriage, she was styled ‘Queen of Great Britain’ by adherents of the Jacobite cause. It is possible, but not probable, that she made a second marriage, either with Count Vittorio Alfieri, or with Francis Xavier Fabre. She died on 29 January, 1824, at Florence, Italy, and was buried in the Church of Santa Croce, Florence.
(ii) Henry Benedict Maria Clement Thomas Francis Xavier
He was born on 6 or 21 March, 1725, at the Palazzo Muti, Papazurri, Rome, Italy, and was styled ‘Duke of York’ from birth by adherents of the Jacobite cause. He entered the RomanCatholic Church, and was ordained Cardinal Deacon on 30 June, 1747, and Cardinal of Santa Maria, Portici, on 3 July, 1747, before being ordained as a priest on 1 September, 1748.
He was known thereafter as ‘Cardinal York’. He was provided to the Archbishopric of Corinth on 19 November, 1758, but was translated to the Bishopric of Frascati, Italy, on 13 July, 1761. He
succeeded his brother Charles as Pretender to the throne of Great Britain on 30/31 January, 1788, styling himself ‘Henry IX’. He died on 13 July, 1807, at Frascati, Italy, and was buried in St
Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican, Rome, after being briefly laid to rest in the church of St Andrea della Valle, Rome.
12 Louisa Maria Theresa
She was baptised Louisa Maria, and received the name Theresa at her confirmation. She was born on 18 (O.S.) or 28 (N.S.) June, 1692, at the Château of St Germain-en-Laye, Paris, and died there on 8 (O.S.) or 18 (N.S.) April, 1712. She was buried in the Chapel of St Edmund in the Church of the English Benedictines, Rue St Jacques, Paris, but later transferred to St Germain-en-Laye by order of George IV.
James II also had the following illegitimate issue:
By Arabella (1648-1730), daughter of Sir Winston Churchill and sister of John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough:
1 Henrietta FitzJames (1667-1730); she married firstly Henry,
1st Baron Waldegrave of Chewton, Somerset (1661-1690), and had issue. She married secondly Piers Butler, 2nd Viscount of Galmoye (d.1740).
2 James FitzJames (1670-1734), Duke of Berwick; he married firstly Honora (1674-1697), daughter of William Bourke, Earl of Clanricarde, and had issue. He married secondly Anne
(d.1751), daughter of Henry Bulkely, and had issue.
3 Henry FitzJames, Duke of Albemarle (1673-1702); he married Marie Gabrielle (1675-1741), daughter of John d’Audibert, Count of Lussan, and had issue.
4 Arabella (1674-1704); she became a nun at Pontoise, France, under the name Ignatia.
Arabella Churchill may have borne James other children who died young prior to 1670. By Katherine, Countess of Dorchester (1657-1717), daughter of Sir Charles Sedley:
5 Katherine Darnley (1679/81-1743); she married firstly James Annesley, Earl of Anglesey (d.1702), but they later divorced.
She married secondly John Sheffield, Duke of Buckingham and Normanby (1647-1721), and had issue.
6 James Darnley (1684-1685).
7 Charles Darnley (d. young).
JAMES II He was deemed by Parliament to have abdicated on 11 December, 1688, by fleeing the country to exile in France. He was formally deposed by Parliament on 23 December, 1688. He died on 16 September, 1701, at the Château of St Germain-en-Laye, near Paris. His body was temporarily buried in the Chapel of St Edmund in the Church of the English Benedictines in the Rue St Jacques, Paris, whilst hopefully awaiting eventual transportation to England for burial in Westminster Abbey. The body seems to have disappeared, however, during the French Revolution, although there are reports that it was found and reinterred at St Germain-en-Laye by order of George IV. An Interregnum followed the deposition of James II, who was succeeded two months later by his son-in-law William of Orange and his daughter Mary as joint sovereigns.

Do you have supplementary information, corrections or questions with regards to James II Stuart?
The author of this publication would love to hear from you!

Timeline James II Stuart

Click on the names for more info. Symbols used:  grandparents    parents    brothers/sisters    children