The temperature on April 16, 1851 was about 8.0 °C. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 62%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 1, 1849 to April 19, 1853 the cabinet Thorbecke I, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
June 5 » Harriet Beecher Stowe's anti-slavery serial, Uncle Tom's Cabin, or Life Among the Lowly, starts a ten-month run in the National Era abolitionist newspaper.
August 12 » Isaac Singer is granted a patent for his sewing machine.
September 11 » Christiana Resistance: Escaped slaves led by William Parker fight off and kill a slave owner who, with a federal marshal and an armed party, sought to seize three of his former slaves in Christiana, Pennsylvania, thereby creating a cause célèbre between slavery proponents and abolitionists.
September 18 » First publication of The New-York Daily Times, which later becomes The New York Times.
November 13 » The Denny Party lands at Alki Point, before moving to the other side of Elliott Bay to what would become Seattle.
December 8 » Conservative Santiago-based government troops defeat rebels at the Battle of Loncomilla, signaling the end of the 1851 Chilean Revolution.
Day of marriage January 16, 1873
The temperature on January 16, 1873 was about 9.2 °C. There was 0.1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The airpressure was 77 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 85%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
January 17 » A group of Modoc warriors defeats the United States Army in the First Battle of the Stronghold, part of the Modoc War.
February 18 » Bulgarian revolutionary leader Vasil Levski is executed by hanging in Sofia by the Ottoman authorities.
March 3 » Censorship in the United States: The U.S. Congress enacts the Comstock Law, making it illegal to send any "obscene literature and articles of immoral use" through the mail.
May 20 » Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a U.S. patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
August 23 » Albert Bridge in Chelsea, London opens.
September 1 » Cetshwayo ascends to the throne as king of the Zulu nation following the death of his father Mpande.
Day of death April 8, 1920
The temperature on April 8, 1920 was between 7.6 °C and 12.5 °C and averaged 10.1 °C. There was 5.9 mm of rain. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from September 9, 1918 to September 18, 1922 the cabinet Ruys de Beerenbrouck I, with Jonkheer mr. Ch.J.M. Ruys de Beerenbrouck (RKSP) as prime minister.
February 24 » Nancy Astor becomes the first woman to speak in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom following her election as a Member of Parliament (MP) three months earlier.
March 13 » The Kapp Putsch briefly ousts the Weimar Republic government from Berlin.
May 2 » The first game of the Negro National League baseball is played in Indianapolis.
October 10 » The Carinthian plebiscite determines that the larger part of the Duchy of Carinthia should remain part of Austria.
November 1 » American fishing schooner Esperanto defeats the Canadian fishing schooner Delawana in the First International Fishing Schooner Championship Races in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
December 3 » Following more than a month of Turkish–Armenian War, the Turkish dictated Treaty of Alexandropol is concluded.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Heather Gray, "Gray Genealogy", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/gray-genealogy/P265.php : accessed January 30, 2026), "William Fletcher Gray (1851-1920)".
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