January 11 » Austrian nobility is granted freedom of religion.
January 23 » The Royal Exchange opens in London.
June 24 » Miguel López de Legazpi founds Manila, the capital of the Philippines.
July 28 » La Laguna encomienda, known today as the Laguna province in the Philippines is founded by the Spaniards as one of the oldest encomiendas (provinces) in the country.
September 7 » Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, is arrested for his role in the Ridolfi plot to assassinate Queen Elizabeth I of England and replace her with Mary, Queen of Scots.
October 7 » The Battle of Lepanto is fought, and the Ottoman Navy suffers its first defeat.
March 26 » Utrecht University is founded in the Netherlands.
April 30 » Eighty Years' War: Dutch Republic forces recapture a strategically important fort from Spain after a nine-month siege.
October 4 » Thirty Years' War: The Swedish Army defeats the armies of Saxony and the Holy Roman Empire at the Battle of Wittstock.
October 28 » The Massachusetts Bay Colony votes to establish a theological college, which would later become Harvard University.
December 13 » The Massachusetts Bay Colony organizes three militia regiments to defend the colony against the Pequot Indians. This organization is recognized today as the founding of the National Guard of the United States.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Duane Thrutchley, "Genealogy Thrutchley/Anderson/Fitzgerel/Cox/Staley", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogy-thrutchley-anderson-fitzgerel-cox-staley/I282173240366.php : accessed May 22, 2024), "Julius Ernst von Welf, 2nd Duke of Braunschweig-Lüneburg, Prince of Dannenberg (1571-1636)".
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