The temperature on June 9, 1857 was about 16.3 °C. The air pressure was 11 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 71%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
March 23 » Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
May 26 » Dred Scott is emancipated by the Blow family, his original owners.
June 1 » Charles Baudelaire's Les Fleurs du mal is published.
July 27 » Indian Rebellion: Sixty-eight men hold out for eight days against a force of 2,500 to 3,000 mutinying sepoys and 8,000 irregular forces.
October 24 » Sheffield F.C., the world's oldest association football club still in operation, is founded in England.
November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
Day of marriage May 11, 1877
The temperature on May 11, 1877 was about 12.2 °C. There was 1 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 75 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 76%. Source: KNMI
From August 27, 1874 till November 3, 1877 the Netherlands had a cabinet Heemskerk - Van Lijnden van Sandenburg with the prime ministers Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) and Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (AR).
In The Netherlands , there was from November 3, 1877 to August 20, 1879 the cabinet Kappeijne van de Coppello, with Mr. J. Kappeijne van de Coppello (liberaal) as prime minister.
April 12 » The United Kingdom annexes the Transvaal.
April 24 » Russo-Turkish War: Russian Empire declares war on Ottoman Empire.
May 6 » Chief Crazy Horse of the Oglala Lakota surrenders to United States troops in Nebraska.
May 9 » Mihail Kogălniceanu reads, in the Chamber of Deputies, the Declaration of Independence of Romania. This day became the Independence Day of Romania.
July 10 » The then-villa of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, formally receives its city charter from the Royal Crown of Spain.
November 24 » Anna Sewell's animal welfare novel Black Beauty is published.
Day of death April 9, 1935
The temperature on April 9, 1935 was between 3.8 °C and 13.0 °C and averaged 9.8 °C. There was 8.9 mm of rain during 10.3 hours. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
February 26 » Adolf Hitler orders the Luftwaffe to be re-formed, violating the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles.
March 16 » Adolf Hitler orders Germany to rearm herself in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. Conscription is reintroduced to form the Wehrmacht.
May 27 » New Deal: The Supreme Court of the United States declares the National Industrial Recovery Act to be unconstitutional in A.L.A. Schechter Poultry Corp. v. United States, (295 U.S. 495).
May 31 » A 7.7 Mw earthquake destroys Quetta in modern-day Pakistan killing 40,000.
December 5 » Mary McLeod Bethune founds the National Council of Negro Women in New York City.
December 27 » Regina Jonas is ordained as the first female rabbi in the history of Judaism.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Sim Mostert, "Genealogy Pot en Smit", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_pot_smit/I213.php : accessed October 9, 2026), "EVERDINA FRANCINA SMIT (1857-1935)".
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