February 15 » Ferdinand III becomes Holy Roman Emperor.
February 18 » Eighty Years' War: Off the coast of Cornwall, England, a Spanish fleet intercepts an important Anglo-Dutch merchant convoy of 44 vessels escorted by six warships, destroying or capturing 20 of them.
May 26 » Pequot War: A combined English and Mohegan force under John Mason attacks a village in Connecticut, massacring approximately 500 Pequots.
July 16 » Manchu Qing dynasty naval forces under traitorous commander Shi Lang defeat the Kingdom of Tungning in the Battle of Penghu near the Pescadores Islands.
September 11 » Battle of Vienna: Coalition forces, including the famous winged Hussars, led by Polish King John III Sobieski lift the siege laid by Ottoman forces.
September 17 » Antonie van Leeuwenhoek writes a letter to the Royal Society describing "animalcules".
October 3 » Qing dynasty naval commander Shi Lang receives the surrender of the Tungning kingdom on Taiwan after the Battle of Penghu.
October 6 » Immigrant families found Germantown, Pennsylvania in the first major immigration of German people to America.
November 1 » The British Crown colony of New York is subdivided into 12 counties.
May 10 » King Narai nominates Phetracha as regent, leading to the revolution of 1688 in which Phetracha becomes king of the Ayutthaya Kingdom.
June 30 » The Immortal Seven issue the Invitation to William, which would culminate in the Glorious Revolution.
September 26 » The city council of Amsterdam votes to support William of Orange's invasion of England, which became the Glorious Revolution.
November 1 » William III of Orange sets out a second time from Hellevoetsluis in the Netherlands to seize the crowns of England, Scotland and Ireland from King James II of England during the Glorious Revolution.
December 9 » Glorious Revolution: Williamite forces defeat Jacobites at Battle of Reading, forcing flight of James II from the country.
December 23 » As part of the Glorious Revolution, King James II of England flees from England to Paris, France after being deposed in favor of his nephew, William of Orange and his daughter Mary.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: T. Kuipers, "Genealogy Kuipers", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie_kuipers/I68190.php : accessed August 9, 2025), "Ahasver van Lehndorff (1637-1688)".
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