January 4 » Great Britain declares war on Spain, thus entering the Seven Years' War.
March 10 » French Huguenot Jean Calas, who had been wrongly convicted of killing his son, dies after being tortured by authorities; the event inspired Voltaire to begin a campaign for religious tolerance and legal reform.
May 5 » Russia and Prussia sign the Treaty of St. Petersburg.
May 22 » Sweden and Prussia sign the Treaty of Hamburg.
May 22 » Trevi Fountain is officially completed and inaugurated in Rome.
October 6 » Seven Years' War: The British Capture Manila from Spain and occupy it.
Day of marriage January 20, 1788
The temperature on January 20, 1788 was about 2.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: omtrent helder. Source: KNMI
January 1 » First edition of The Times of London, previously The Daily Universal Register, is published.
February 6 » Massachusetts becomes the sixth state to ratify the United States Constitution.
April 28 » Maryland becomes the seventh state to ratify the United States Constitution.
June 11 » Russian explorer Gerasim Izmailov reaches Alaska.
June 25 » Virginia becomes the tenth state to ratify the United States Constitution.
July 25 » Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart completes his Symphony No. 40 in G minor (K550).
Day of death September 11, 1812
The temperature on September 11, 1812 was about 17.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken mist. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 7 » The strongest in a series of earthquakes strikes New Madrid, Missouri.
March 26 » A political cartoon in the Boston Gazette coins the term "gerrymander" to describe oddly shaped electoral districts designed to help incumbents win reelection.
September 7 » French invasion of Russia: The Battle of Borodino, the bloodiest battle of the Napoleonic Wars, was fought near Moscow and resulted in a French victory.
October 24 » Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Maloyaroslavets takes place near Moscow.
November 18 » Napoleonic Wars: The Battle of Krasnoi ends in French defeat, but Marshal of France Michel Ney's leadership leads to him becoming known as "the bravest of the brave".
November 26 » The Battle of Berezina begins during Napoleon's retreat from Russia.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Vera Jenniskens-Beulen, "Genealogy Jonk-Richter en aanverwanten", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie-jonk-richter/I19496.php : accessed June 25, 2024), "Nicolaus Garé (1762-1812)".
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