The temperature on April 20, 1857 was about 13.0 °C. The air pressure was 0.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the southwest. The atmospheric humidity was 76%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
March 23 » Elisha Otis's first elevator is installed at 488 Broadway New York City.
May 10 » Indian Rebellion of 1857: In India, the first war of Independence begins. Sepoys mutiny against their commanding officers at Meerut.
August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
November 16 » Second relief of Lucknow: Twenty-four Victoria Crosses are awarded, the most in a single day.
December 31 » Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, then a small logging town, as the capital of the Province of Canada.
Day of marriage May 14, 1881
The temperature on May 14, 1881 was about 15.0 °C. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
April 16 » In Dodge City, Kansas, Bat Masterson fights his last gun battle.
May 10 » Carol I is crowned the King of the Romanian Kingdom.
June 28 » The Austro–Serbian Alliance of 1881 is secretly signed.
July 4 » In Alabama, the Tuskegee Institute opens.
July 14 » Billy the Kid is shot and killed by Pat Garrett outside Fort Sumner.
November 3 » The Mapuche uprising of 1881 begins in Chile.
Day of death December 20, 1954
The temperature on December 20, 1954 was between 4.9 °C and 10.0 °C and averaged 8.0 °C. There was 2.3 mm of rain during 0.9 hours. There was 0.1 hours of sunshine (1%). The heavily clouded was. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
January 21 » The first nuclear-powered submarine, the USSNautilus, is launched in Groton, Connecticut by Mamie Eisenhower, the First Lady of the United States.
June 27 » The FIFA World Cup quarterfinal match between Hungary and Brazil, highly anticipated to be exciting, instead turns violent, with three players ejected and further fighting continuing after the game.
August 24 » Getúlio Vargas, president of Brazil, commits suicide and is succeeded by João Café Filho.
September 9 » The 6.7 Mw Chlef earthquake shakes northern Algeria with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme). At least 1,243 people were killed and 5,000 were injured.
November 13 » Great Britain defeats France to capture the first ever Rugby League World Cup in Paris in front of around 30,000 spectators.
December 23 » First successful kidney transplant is performed by J. Hartwell Harrison and Joseph Murray.
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The Genealogische database Eisenga publication was prepared by Ruut Eisenga (contact is not possible).
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Ruut Eisenga, "Genealogische database Eisenga", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/genealogie-eisenga/I5751.php : accessed February 27, 2026), "Martje Jans Helder (1857-1954)".
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