The temperature on July 13, 1873 was about 23.2 °C. The air pressure was 5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 53%. Source: KNMI
From July 6, 1872 till August 27, 1874 the Netherlands had a cabinet De Vries - Fransen van de Putte with the prime ministers Mr. G. de Vries Azn. (liberaal) and I.D. Fransen van de Putte (liberaal).
January 17 » A group of Modoc warriors defeats the United States Army in the First Battle of the Stronghold, part of the Modoc War.
April 1 » The White Star steamer RMSAtlantic sinks off Nova Scotia, killing 547 in one of the worst marine disasters of the 19th century.
May 20 » Levi Strauss and Jacob Davis receive a U.S. patent for blue jeans with copper rivets.
August 2 » The Clay Street Hill Railroad begins operating the first cable car in San Francisco's famous cable car system.
September 15 » Franco-Prussian War: The last Imperial German Army troops leave France upon completion of payment of indemnity.
September 18 » The bank Jay Cooke & Company declares bankruptcy, contributing to the Panic of 1873.
Day of death July 31, 1946
The temperature on July 31, 1946 was between 12.5 °C and 17.7 °C and averaged 15.4 °C. There was 2.4 hours of sunshine (15%). The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
From June 24, 1945 till July 3, 1946 the Netherlands had a cabinet Schermerhorn - Drees with the prime ministers Prof. ir. W. Schermerhorn (VDB) and W. Drees (PvdA).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 3, 1946 to August 7, 1948 the cabinet Beel I, with Dr. L.J.M. Beel (KVP) as prime minister.
January 31 » Cold War: Yugoslavia's new constitution, modeling that of the Soviet Union, establishes six constituent republics (Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia).
May 25 » The parliament of Transjordan makes Abdullah I of Jordan their Emir.
July 15 » State of North Borneo, today in Sabah, Malaysia, annexed by the United Kingdom.
August 3 » Santa Claus Land, the world's first themed amusement park, opens in Santa Claus, Indiana, United States.
November 19 » Afghanistan, Iceland and Sweden join the United Nations.
November 23 » French naval bombardment of Hai Phong, Vietnam, kills thousands of civilians.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: R Miller, "Flowers tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/flowers-tree/P1942.php : accessed January 18, 2026), "Elma Smith (1873-1946)".
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