Emigranten » Gale Spoelstra (1846-1871)

Christening day November 15, 1846

• The temperature on November 15, 1846 was about 7.0 °C. Wind direction mainly southwest. Weather type: betrokken. Source: KNMI
•  This page is only available in Dutch.
  De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
• In the year 1846: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 3.1 million citizens.
  • April 25 » Thornton Affair: Open conflict begins over the disputed border of Texas, triggering the Mexican–American War.
  • May 13 » Mexican–American War: The United States declares war on the Federal Republic of Mexico following a dispute over the American annexation of the Republic of Texas and a Mexican military incursion.
  • June 15 » The Oregon Treaty extends the border between the United States and British North America, established by the Treaty of 1818, westward to the Pacific Ocean.
  • June 16 » The Papal conclave of 1846 elects Pope Pius IX, beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy.
  • June 19 » The first officially recorded, organized baseball game is played under Alexander Cartwright's rules on Hoboken, New Jersey's Elysian Fields with the New York Base Ball Club defeating the Knickerbockers 23–1. Cartwright umpired.
  • December 6 » American and Californio forces clash at the Battle of San Pasqual.

Day of death October 8, 1871

• The temperature on October 8, 1871 was about 13.8 °C. The air pressure was 9 kgf/m² and came mainly from the west-northwest. The atmospheric humidity was 82%. Source: KNMI
• Koning Willem III (Huis van Oranje-Nassau) was from 1849 till 1890 sovereign of the Netherlands (also known as Koninkrijk der Nederlanden)
• From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
• In The Netherlands , there was from January 4, 1871 to July 6, 1872 the cabinet Thorbecke III, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
• In the year 1871: Source: Wikipedia
  • The Netherlands had about 4.0 million citizens.
  • January 18 » Wilhelm I of Germany is proclaimed Kaiser Wilhelm in the Hall of Mirrors of the Palace of Versailles (France) towards the end of the Franco-Prussian War. Wilhelm already had the title of German Emperor since the constitution of 1 January 1871, but he had hesitated to accept the title.
  • March 22 » In North Carolina, William Woods Holden becomes the first governor of a U.S. state to be removed from office by impeachment.
  • March 26 » The elections of Commune council of the Paris Commune are held.
  • July 20 » British Columbia joins the confederation of Canada.
  • October 10 » Chicago burns after a barn accident. The fire lasts from October 8–10.
  • November 10 » Henry Morton Stanley locates missing explorer and missionary, Dr David Livingstone in Ujiji, near Lake Tanganyika, famously greeting him with the words, "Dr. Livingstone, I presume?".

Source: Wikipedia

• 1821 » Juan O'Donojú, last Spanish ruler of Mexico (b. 1762)
• 1834 » François-Adrien Boieldieu, French composer (b. 1775)
• 1869 » Franklin Pierce, American general, lawyer, and politician, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804)
• 1879 » Miguel Grau Seminario, Peruvian admiral (b. 1834)
• 1886 » Austin F. Pike, American lawyer and politician (b. 1819)
• 1897 » Alexei Savrasov, Russian painter and academic (b. 1830)