The temperature on April 2, 1861 was about 11.7 °C. The air pressure was 7.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 60%. Source: KNMI
From February 23, 1860 till March 14, 1861 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Hall - Van Heemstra with the prime ministers Mr. F.A. baron Van Hall (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. S. baron Van Heemstra (liberaal).
From March 14, 1861 till January 31, 1862 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt - Loudon with the prime ministers Mr. J.P.P. baron Van Zuijlen van Nijevelt (conservatief-liberaal) and Mr. J. Loudon (liberaal).
January 21 » American Civil War: Jefferson Davis resigns from the United States Senate.
March 3 » Alexander II of Russia signs the Emancipation Manifesto, freeing serfs.
March 4 » The first national flag of the Confederate States of America (the "Stars and Bars") is adopted.
August 10 » American Civil War: Battle of Wilson's Creek: A mixed force of Confederate, Missouri State Guard, and Arkansas State troops defeat outnumbered attacking Union forces in the southwestern part of the state.
September 17 » Argentine Civil Wars: The State of Buenos Aires defeats the Argentine Confederation at the Battle of Pavón.
December 10 » Forces led by Nguyễn Trung Trực, an anti-colonial guerrilla leader in southern Vietnam, sink the French lorcha L'Esperance.
Day of death September 30, 1934
The temperature on September 30, 1934 was between 8.2 °C and 19.4 °C and averaged 14.6 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain during 0.2 hours. There was 7.7 hours of sunshine (66%). The average windspeed was 2 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the southwest. Source: KNMI
January 15 » The 8.0 Mw Nepal–Bihar earthquake strikes Nepal and Bihar with a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killing an estimated 6,000–10,700 people.
March 24 » United States Congress passes the Tydings-McDuffie Act, allowing the Philippines to become a self-governing commonwealth.
August 2 » Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler becomes Führer of Germany following the death of President Paul von Hindenburg.
September 22 » The Gresford disaster in Wales kills 266 miners and rescuers.
November 23 » An Anglo-Ethiopian boundary commission in the Ogaden discovers an Italian garrison at Walwal, well within Ethiopian territory. This leads to the Abyssinia Crisis.
December 29 » Japan renounces the Washington Naval Treaty of 1922 and the London Naval Treaty of 1930.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hendrik Dreyer, "Dreyer Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/dreyer-tree/I5977.php : accessed January 8, 2026), "Hester Jacomina Dreyer b5c1d9e8f1 (1861-1934)".
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