The temperature on July 23, 1863 was about 17.0 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 72%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 2 » American Civil War: Stonewall Jackson is wounded by friendly fire while returning to camp after reconnoitering during the Battle of Chancellorsville. He succumbs to pneumonia eight days later.
July 3 » American Civil War: The final day of the Battle of Gettysburg culminates with Pickett's Charge.
July 4 » American Civil War: Siege of Vicksburg: Vicksburg, Mississippi surrenders to U.S. forces under Ulysses S. Grant after 47 days of siege. One hundred fifty miles up the Mississippi River, a Confederate army is repulsed at the Battle of Helena, Arkansas.
July 19 » American Civil War: Morgan's Raid: At Buffington Island in Ohio, Confederate General John Hunt Morgan's raid into the north is mostly thwarted when a large group of his men are captured while trying to escape across the Ohio River.
July 26 » American Civil War: Morgan's Raid ends; At Salineville, Ohio, Confederate cavalry leader John Hunt Morgan and 360 of his volunteers are captured by Union forces.
November 19 » American Civil War: U.S. President Abraham Lincoln delivers the Gettysburg Address at the dedication ceremony for the military cemetery at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.
Day of marriage April 17, 1882
The temperature on April 17, 1882 was about 10.3 °C. There was 2 mm of rain. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southeast. The airpressure was 74 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 20, 1879 to April 23, 1883 the cabinet Van Lijnden van Sandenburg, with Mr. C.Th. baron Van Lijnden van Sandenburg (conservatief-AR) as prime minister.
April 3 » American Old West: Robert Ford kills Jesse James.
April 25 » French and Vietnamese troops clashed in Tonkin, when Commandant Henri Rivière seized the citadel of Hanoi with a small force of marine infantry.
July 10 » War of the Pacific: Chile suffers its last military defeat in the Battle of La Concepción when a garrison of 77 men is annihilated by a 1,300-strong Peruvian force, many of them armed with spears.
September 5 » The first United States Labor Day parade is held in New York City.
September 18 » The Pacific Stock Exchange opens.
Day of death April 19, 1943
The temperature on April 19, 1943 was between 6.9 °C and 13.1 °C and averaged 9.6 °C. There was 1.4 mm of rain during 1.6 hours. There was 7.8 hours of sunshine (55%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
April 8 » Otto and Elise Hampel are executed in Berlin for their anti-Nazi activities.
July 12 » German and Soviet forces engage in one of the largest armored engagements of all time.
August 1 » World War II: Operation Tidal Wave also known as "Black Sunday", was a failed American attempt to destroy Romanian oil fields.
September 11 » World War II: German troops occupy Corsica and Kosovo-Metohija ending the Italian occupation of Corsica.
November 15 » The Holocaust: German SS leader Heinrich Himmler orders that Gypsies are to be put "on the same level as Jews and placed in concentration camps".
December 2 » World War II: A Luftwaffe bombing raid on the harbour of Bari, Italy, sinks numerous cargo and transport ships, including the American SSJohn Harvey, which is carrying a stockpile of World War I-era mustard gas.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Hendrik Dreyer, "Dreyer Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/dreyer-tree/I5174.php : accessed January 15, 2026), "Maria Jacoba Smith (1863-1943)".
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