The temperature on August 11, 1870 was about 17.9 °C. The air pressure was 1 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the north-northwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 96%. Source: KNMI
From June 4, 1868 till January 4, 1871 the Netherlands had a cabinet Van Bosse - Fock with the prime ministers Mr. P.P. van Bosse (liberaal) and Mr. C. Fock (liberaal).
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from April 21, 1888 to August 21, 1891 the cabinet Mackay, with Mr. A. baron Mackay (AR) as prime minister.
March 15 » Start of the Anglo-Tibetan War of 1888.
May 12 » In Southeast Asia, the North Borneo Chartered Company's territories become the British protectorate of North Borneo.
May 13 » With the passage of the Lei Áurea ("Golden Law"), Empire of Brazil abolishes slavery.
September 8 » In London, the body of Jack the Ripper's second murder victim, Annie Chapman, is found.
September 30 » Jack the Ripper kills his third and fourth victims, Elizabeth Stride and Catherine Eddowes.
October 15 » The "From Hell" letter allegedly sent by Jack the Ripper is received by investigators.
Day of death September 18, 1948
The temperature on September 18, 1948 was between 6.6 °C and 18.2 °C and averaged 13.5 °C. There was 4.5 hours of sunshine (36%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 3, 1946 to August 7, 1948 the cabinet Beel I, with Dr. L.J.M. Beel (KVP) as prime minister.
From August 7, 1948 till March 15, 1951 the Netherlands had a cabinet Drees - Van Schaik with the prime ministers Dr. W. Drees (PvdA) and Mr. J.R.H. van Schaik (KVP).
May 9 » Czechoslovakia's Ninth-of-May Constitution comes into effect.
May 15 » Following the expiration of The British Mandate for Palestine, the Kingdom of Egypt, Transjordan, Lebanon, Syria, Iraq and Saudi Arabia invade Israel thus starting the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.
May 28 » Daniel François Malan is elected as Prime Minister of South Africa. He later goes on to implement Apartheid.
June 22 » The ship HMTEmpire Windrush brought the first group of 802 West Indian immigrants to Tilbury, marking the start of modern immigration to the United Kingdom.
July 5 » National Health Service Acts create the national public health system in the United Kingdom.
July 31 » At Idlewild Field in New York, New York International Airport (later renamed John F. Kennedy International Airport) is dedicated.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: James Downs, "Downs Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/downs-tree/I312392304205.php : accessed December 7, 2025), "James Louis Fowler (1870-1948)".
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