February 17 » On his way to be burned at the stake for heresy, at Campo de' Fiori in Rome, the philosopher Giordano Bruno has a wooden vise put on his tongue to prevent him continuing to speak.
February 19 » The Peruvian stratovolcano Huaynaputina explodes in the most violent eruption in the recorded history of South America.
August 5 » The Gowrie Conspiracy against King James VI of Scotland (later to become King James I of England) takes place.
August 23 » Battle of Gifu Castle: The eastern forces of Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the western Japanese clans loyal to Toyotomi Hideyori, leading to the destruction of Gifu Castle and serving as a prelude to the Battle of Sekigahara.
October 21 » Tokugawa Ieyasu defeats the leaders of rival Japanese clans in the Battle of Sekigahara and becomes shōgun of Japan.
December 31 » The British East India Company is chartered.
May 18 » In Dorchester, Massachusetts, John Winthrop takes the oath of office and becomes the first Governor of Massachusetts.
May 20 » The city of Magdeburg in Germany is seized by forces of the Holy Roman Empire and most of its inhabitants massacred, in one of the bloodiest incidents of the Thirty Years' War.
June 17 » Mumtaz Mahal dies during childbirth. Her husband, Mughal emperor Shah Jahan I, will spend the next 17 years building her mausoleum, the Taj Mahal.
June 20 » The Sack of Baltimore: The Irish village of Baltimore is attacked by Algerian pirates.
September 17 » Sweden wins a major victory at the Battle of Breitenfeld against the Holy Roman Empire during the Thirty Years' War.
October 10 » Thirty Years' War: An army of the Electorate of Saxony seizes Prague.
February 3 » The colony of Massachusetts issues the first paper money in the Americas.
February 15 » Constantin Cantemir, Prince of Moldavia, and the Holy Roman Empire sign a secret treaty in Sibiu, stipulating that Moldavia would support the actions led by the House of Habsburg against the Ottoman Empire.
June 14 » King William III of England (William of Orange) lands in Ireland to confront the former King James II.
July 1 » Glorious Revolution: Battle of the Boyne in Ireland (as reckoned under the Julian calendar).
August 24 » Job Charnock of the East India Company establishes a factory in Calcutta, an event formerly considered the founding of the city (in 2003 the Calcutta High Court ruled that the city's foundation date is unknown).
September 25 » Publick Occurrences Both Forreign and Domestick, the first newspaper to appear in the Americas, is published for the first and only time.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: David Raymond Garvey, "David Garvey Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/david-garvey-tree/I322497771261.php : accessed May 5, 2025), "Thomas Catlin (1600-1690)".
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