January 10 » Archbishop William Laud is beheaded for treason at the Tower of London.
May 20 » Yangzhou massacre: The ten day massacre of 800,000 residents of the city of Yangzhou, part of the Transition from Ming to Qing.
July 21 » Qing dynasty regent Dorgon issues an edict ordering all Han Chinese men to shave their forehead and braid the rest of their hair into a queue identical to those of the Manchus.
August 3 » Thirty Years' War: The Second Battle of Nördlingen sees French forces defeating those of the Holy Roman Empire.
September 13 » Wars of the Three Kingdoms: Scottish Royalists are defeated by Covenanters at the Battle of Philiphaugh.
September 24 » The Battle of Rowton Heath is a Parliamentarian victory over a Royalist army commanded in person by King Charles.
February 11 » The assault on Copenhagen by Swedish forces is beaten back with heavy losses.
May 6 » English Restoration: A faction of the British Army removes Richard Cromwell as Lord Protector of the Commonwealth and reinstalls the Rump Parliament.
May 25 » Richard Cromwell resigns as Lord Protector of England following the restoration of the Long Parliament, beginning a second brief period of the republican government called the Commonwealth of England.
June 29 » At the Battle of Konotop the Ukrainian armies of Ivan Vyhovsky defeat the Russians led by Prince Trubetskoy.
November 10 » Chattrapati Shivaji Maharaj, Maratha King kills Afzal Khan, Adilshahi in the battle popularly known as Battle of Pratapgarh.
December 28 » The Marathas defeat the Adilshahi forces in the Battle of Kolhapur.
March 11 » Queen Anne withholds Royal Assent from the Scottish Militia Bill, the last time a British monarch vetoes legislation.
March 23 » James Francis Edward Stuart lands at the Firth of Forth as part of the planned French invasion of Britain.
September 11 » Charles XII of Sweden stops his march to conquer Moscow outside Smolensk, marking the turning point in the Great Northern War. The army is defeated nine months later in the Battle of Poltava, and the Swedish Empire ceases to be a major power.
October 9 » Peter the Great defeats the Swedes at the Battle of Lesnaya.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: David Raymond Garvey, "David Garvey Tree", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/david-garvey-tree/I320164164411.php : accessed May 3, 2025), "Martha Kitcherel (1645-1708)".
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