The temperature on December 31, 1857 was about 1.3 °C. The airpressure was 78 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 94%. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
In The Netherlands , there was from July 1, 1856 to March 18, 1858 the cabinet Van der Brugghen, with Mr. J.L.L. van der Brugghen (protestant) as prime minister.
January 24 » The University of Calcutta is formally founded as the first fully fledged university in South Asia.
March 29 » Sepoy Mangal Pandey of the 34th Regiment, Bengal Native Infantry mutinies against the East India Company's rule in India and inspires the protracted Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny.
April 18 » "The Spirits Book" by Allan Kardec is published, marking the birth of Spiritualism in France.
August 24 » The Panic of 1857 begins, setting off one of the most severe economic crises in United States history.
September 12 » The SSCentral America sinks about 160 miles east of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, drowning a total of 426 passengers and crew, including Captain William Lewis Herndon. The ship was carrying 13–15 tons of gold from the California Gold Rush.
December 31 » Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa, then a small logging town, as the capital of the Province of Canada.
Day of marriage February 3, 1903
The temperature on February 3, 1903 was between 1.1 °C and 6.1 °C and averaged 3.8 °C. Source: KNMI
March 2 » In New York City the Martha Washington Hotel opens, becoming the first hotel exclusively for women.
June 11 » A group of Serbian officers stormed the royal palace and assassinated King Alexander Obrenović and his wife, Queen Draga.
June 16 » The Ford Motor Company is incorporated.
July 19 » Maurice Garin wins the first Tour de France.
September 27 » The Wreck of the Old 97, an American rail disaster that became the subject of a popular ballad.
December 17 » The Wright brothers make the first controlled powered, heavier-than-air flight in the Wright Flyer at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.
Day of death January 19, 1936
The temperature on January 19, 1936 was between -1.2 °C and 0.6 °C and averaged 0.1 °C. The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the south east. Source: KNMI
May 26 » In the House of Commons of Northern Ireland, Tommy Henderson begins speaking on the Appropriation Bill. By the time he sits down in the early hours of the following morning, he had spoken for ten hours.
July 21 » Spanish Civil War: The Central Committee of Antifascist Militias of Catalonia is constituted, establishing an anarcho-syndicalist economy in Catalonia.
August 3 » Jesse Owens wins the 100 metre dash, defeating Ralph Metcalfe, at the Berlin Olympics.
October 26 » The first electric generator at Hoover Dam goes into full operation.
December 5 » The Soviet Union adopts a new constitution and the Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic is established as a full Union Republic of the USSR.
December 23 » Spanish Civil War: The Spanish Republic legalizes the Regional Defence Council of Aragon.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: J. van Broekhoven, "Database Van Broekhoven", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/database-van-broekhoven/I85391.php : accessed January 27, 2026), "Govert van de Luijtgaarden (1857-1936)".
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