The temperature on August 31, 1884 was about 16.2 °C. There was 21 mm of rain. The air pressure was 2 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the west-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 98%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 23, 1884 to April 21, 1888 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. J. Heemskerk Azn. (conservatief) as prime minister.
March 13 » The Siege of Khartoum begins. It lasts until January 26, 1885.
June 16 » The first purpose-built roller coaster, LaMarcus Adna Thompson's "Switchback Railway", opens in New York's Coney Island amusement park.
July 3 » Dow Jones & Company publishes its first stock average.
October 14 » George Eastman receives a U.S. Government patent on his new paper-strip photographic film.
December 6 » The Washington Monument in Washington, D.C., is completed.
December 10 » Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published.
Day of death May 15, 1909
The temperature on May 15, 1909 was between -0.4 °C and 10.9 °C and averaged 6.0 °C. There was 0.2 mm of rain. There was 2.7 hours of sunshine (17%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north. Source: KNMI
January 9 » Ernest Shackleton, leading the Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole, plants the British flag 97 nautical miles (180km; 112mi) from the South Pole, the farthest anyone had ever reached at that time.
April 13 » The military of the Ottoman Empire reverses the Ottoman countercoup of 1909 to force the overthrow of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
April 14 » A massacre is organized by the Ottoman Empire against the Armenian population of Cilicia.
August 28 » A group of mid-level Greek Army officers launches the Goudi coup, seeking wide-ranging reforms.
August 30 » Burgess Shale fossils are discovered by Charles Doolittle Walcott.
September 20 » The South Africa Act 1909 creates the Union of South Africa from the British Colonies from four smaller colonies.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: J. van Broekhoven, "Database Van Broekhoven", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/database-van-broekhoven/I35834.php : accessed February 12, 2026), "Louisa Maria Elias (1884-1909)".
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