The temperature on December 31, 1832 was about -1.0 °C. Wind direction mainly east. Weather type: betrokken. Source: KNMI
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De Republiek der Verenigde Nederlanden werd in 1794-1795 door de Fransen veroverd onder leiding van bevelhebber Charles Pichegru (geholpen door de Nederlander Herman Willem Daendels); de verovering werd vergemakkelijkt door het dichtvriezen van de Waterlinie; Willem V moest op 18 januari 1795 uitwijken naar Engeland (en van daaruit in 1801 naar Duitsland); de patriotten namen de macht over van de aristocratische regenten en proclameerden de Bataafsche Republiek; op 16 mei 1795 werd het Haags Verdrag gesloten, waarmee ons land een vazalstaat werd van Frankrijk; in 3.1796 kwam er een Nationale Vergadering; in 1798 pleegde Daendels een staatsgreep, die de unitarissen aan de macht bracht; er kwam een nieuwe grondwet, die een Vertegenwoordigend Lichaam (met een Eerste en Tweede Kamer) instelde en als regering een Directoire; in 1799 sloeg Daendels bij Castricum een Brits-Russische invasie af; in 1801 kwam er een nieuwe grondwet; bij de Vrede van Amiens (1802) kreeg ons land van Engeland zijn koloniën terug (behalve Ceylon); na de grondwetswijziging van 1805 kwam er een raadpensionaris als eenhoofdig gezag, namelijk Rutger Jan Schimmelpenninck (van 31 oktober 1761 tot 25 maart 1825).
February 12 » Ecuador annexes the Galápagos Islands.
March 24 » In Hiram, Ohio, a group of men beat and tar and feather Mormon leader Joseph Smith.
June 7 » The Great Reform Act of England and Wales receives royal assent.
July 10 » U.S. President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.
December 20 » HMS Clio under the command of Captain Onslow arrives at Port Egmont under orders to take possession of the Falkland Islands
December 21 » Egyptian–Ottoman War: Egyptian forces decisively defeat Ottoman troops at the Battle of Konya.
Day of marriage May 3, 1865
The temperature on May 3, 1865 was about 23.6 °C. The air pressure was 1.5 kgf/m2 and came mainly from the south-southwest. The airpressure was 76 cm mercury. The atmospheric humidity was 31%. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 1, 1862 to February 10, 1866 the cabinet Thorbecke II, with Mr. J.R. Thorbecke (liberaal) as prime minister.
May 12 » American Civil War: The Battle of Palmito Ranch: The first day of the last major land action to take place during the Civil War, resulting in a Confederate victory.
July 21 » In the market square of Springfield, Missouri, Wild Bill Hickok shoots and kills Davis Tutt in what is regarded as the first western showdown.
July 30 » The steamboat Brother Jonathan sinks off the coast of Crescent City, California, killing 225 passengers, the deadliest shipwreck on the Pacific Coast of the U.S. at the time.
October 11 » Hundreds of black men and women march in Jamaica, starting the Morant Bay rebellion.
November 18 » Mark Twain's short story "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" is published in the New York Saturday Press.
December 5 » Chincha Islands War: Peru allies with Chile against Spain.
Day of death October 24, 1905
The temperature on October 24, 1905 was between -3.0 °C and 3.0 °C and averaged 0.1 °C. The average windspeed was 1 Bft (weak wind) and was prevailing from the south-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from August 1, 1901 to August 16, 1905 the cabinet Kuijper, with Dr. A. Kuijper (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 17, 1905 to February 11, 1908 the cabinet De Meester, with Mr. Th. de Meester (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 26 » The world's largest diamond ever, the Cullinan weighing 3,106.75 carats (0.621350kg), is found at the Premier Mine near Pretoria in South Africa.
April 17 » The Supreme Court of the United States decides Lochner v. New York, which holds that the "right to free contract" is implicit in the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
September 5 » Russo-Japanese War: In New Hampshire, United States, the Treaty of Portsmouth, mediated by U.S. President Theodore Roosevelt, ends the war.
October 5 » The Wright brothers pilot the Wright Flyer III in a new world record flight of 24 miles in 39 minutes.
October 26 » King Oscar II recognizes the dissolution of the union between Norway and Sweden.
October 30 » Czar Nicholas II issues the October Manifesto, granting the Russian peoples basic civil liberties and the right to form a duma. (October 17 in the Julian calendar)
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