The temperature on July 2, 1913 was between 9.8 °C and 16.5 °C and averaged 12.6 °C. There was 0.5 mm of rain. There was 0.6 hours of sunshine (4%). The average windspeed was 3 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the north-northwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from February 12, 1908 to August 29, 1913 the cabinet Heemskerk, with Mr. Th. Heemskerk (AR) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from August 29, 1913 to September 9, 1918 the cabinet Cort van der Linden, with Mr. P.W.A. Cort van der Linden (liberaal) as prime minister.
February 3 » The Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, authorizing the Federal government to impose and collect an income tax.
March 4 » First Balkan War: The Greek army engages the Turks at Bizani, resulting in victory two days later.
March 26 » First Balkan War: Bulgarian forces capture Adrianople.
July 4 » President Woodrow Wilson addresses American Civil War veterans at the Great Reunion of 1913.
August 13 » First production in the UK of stainless steel by Harry Brearley.
October 9 » The steamship SSVolturno catches fire in the mid-Atlantic.
Day of death March 31, 1943
The temperature on March 31, 1943 was between 8.1 °C and 11.1 °C and averaged 9.4 °C. There was 4.9 mm of rain during 4.9 hours. There was 2.1 hours of sunshine (16%). The average windspeed was 6 Bft (strong wind) and was prevailing from the west. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from July 27, 1941 to February 23, 1945 the cabinet Gerbrandy II, with Prof. dr. P.S. Gerbrandy (ARP) as prime minister.
January 11 » The Republic of China agrees to the Sino-British New Equal Treaty and the Sino-American New Equal Treaty.
June 24 » US military police attempt to arrest a black soldier in Bamber Bridge, England, sparking the Battle of Bamber Bridge mutiny that leaves one dead and seven wounded.
July 9 » World War II: The Allied invasion of Sicily soon causes the downfall of Mussolini and forces Hitler to break off the Battle of Kursk.
July 23 » World War II: The British destroyers HMSEclipse and HMSLaforey sink the Italian submarineAscianghi in the Mediterranean after she torpedoes the cruiser HMSNewfoundland.
September 7 » World War II: The German 17th Army begins its evacuation of the Kuban bridgehead (Taman Peninsula) in southern Russia and moves across the Strait of Kerch to the Crimea.
October 17 » Nazi Holocaust in Poland: Sobibór extermination camp is closed.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Leen Schaap, "Database Schaap", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/database-schaap/I4037.php : accessed December 25, 2025), "Christiaan Johannes Iken (1913-1943)".
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