In The Netherlands , there was from August 21, 1891 to May 9, 1894 the cabinet Van Tienhoven, with Mr. G. van Tienhoven (unie-liberaal) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from May 9, 1894 to July 27, 1897 the cabinet Roëll, with Jonkheer mr. J. Roëll (oud-liberaal) as prime minister.
January 9 » New England Telephone and Telegraph installs the first battery-operated telephone switchboard in Lexington, Massachusetts.
April 14 » The first ever commercial motion picture house opened in New York City using ten Kinetoscopes, a device for peep-show viewing of films.
July 22 » The first ever motor race is held in France between the cities of Paris and Rouen. The fastest finisher was the Comte Jules-Albert de Dion, but the 'official' victory was awarded to Albert Lemaître driving his 3hp petrol engined Peugeot.
August 1 » The First Sino-Japanese War erupts between Japan and China over Korea.
August 22 » Mahatma Gandhi forms the Natal Indian Congress (NIC) in order to fight discrimination against Indian traders in Natal.
September 15 » First Sino-Japanese War: Japan defeats Qing dynasty China in the Battle of Pyongyang.
Day of death March 31, 1972
The temperature on March 31, 1972 was between 8.3 °C and 12.1 °C and averaged 9.3 °C. There was 2.8 mm of rain during 5.9 hours. There was -0.1 hours of sunshine (0%). The almost completely overcast was. The average windspeed was 4 Bft (moderate breeze) and was prevailing from the west-southwest. Source: KNMI
In The Netherlands , there was from April 5, 1967 to Tuesday, July 6, 1971 the cabinet Biesheuvel I, with Mr. B.W. Biesheuvel (ARP) as prime minister.
In The Netherlands , there was from Thursday, July 20, 1972 to Friday, May 11, 1973 the cabinet Biesheuvel II, with Mr. B.W. Biesheuvel (ARP) as prime minister.
February 10 » Ras Al Khaimah joins the United Arab Emirates, now making up seven emirates.
April 10 » Vietnam War: For the first time since November 1967, American B-52 bombers reportedly begin bombing North Vietnam.
April 16 » Apollo program: The launch of Apollo 16 from Cape Canaveral, Florida.
May 6 » Deniz Gezmiş, Yusuf Aslan and Hüseyin İnan are executed in Ankara after being convicted of attempting to overthrow the Constitutional order.
May 30 » The Angry Brigade goes on trial over a series of 25 bombings throughout the United Kingdom.
July 31 » The Troubles: In Operation Motorman, the British Army re-takes the urban no-go areas of Northern Ireland. It is the biggest British military operation since the Suez Crisis of 1956, and the biggest in Ireland since the Irish War of Independence. Later that day, nine civilians are killed by car bombs in the village of Claudy.
When copying data from this family tree, please include a reference to the origin: Leen Schaap, "Database Schaap", database, Genealogy Online (https://www.genealogieonline.nl/database-schaap/I3710.php : accessed December 25, 2025), "Johanna Clasina Iken (1894-1972)".
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